Oncotarget:研究发现癌细胞的“要害”,治疗获新进展!

2017-07-23 sunshine2015 来宝网

今天使用的所有癌症治疗几乎都会损害正常细胞,导致与癌症治疗相关的毒副作用。由达特茅斯诺里斯癌中心研究人员领导的合作研究小组设计了一种针对癌细胞的策略,同时保护正常细胞。该策略利用了允许细胞形成肿瘤的过程例如肿瘤抑制基因NF1的丧失或突变的过程也暴露了在正常细胞中不存在的肿瘤细胞的脆弱性。这些漏洞被称为癌细胞的“要害”。



直击神经系统癌症的要害】今天使用的所有癌症治疗几乎都会损害正常细胞,导致与癌症治疗相关的毒副作用。由达特茅斯诺里斯癌中心研究人员领导的合作研究小组设计了一种针对癌细胞的策略,同时保护正常细胞。该策略利用了允许细胞形成肿瘤的过程例如肿瘤抑制基因NF1的丧失或突变的过程也暴露了在正常细胞中不存在的肿瘤细胞的脆弱性。这些漏洞被称为癌细胞的“要害”。

虽然关于引起细胞变得恶性的突变已经知道了很多,但是关于这些突变的细胞的脆弱性知之甚少。

肿瘤抑制因子的突变,NF1或NF1蛋白的损失是包括成胶质细胞瘤(GBM)在内的侵袭性神经系统癌症的可能原因,并且在其他散发性癌症中也观察到。由诺里斯癌症中心的Yolanda Sanchez博士领导,一个多机构研究团队开发并进行了一个新的合成杀伤屏幕,发现靶向转基因酵母缺乏NF1的分子。酵母独特地适合高通量药物筛选,因为途径是保守的。因此,该团队可以筛选出数千种类似药物的化合物,用于杀死NF1缺陷型细胞,同时保护野生型(正常)细胞。被观察到具有这种特定突变致死的主要候选者之一称为Y100。 Y100治疗破坏肿瘤细胞的生长,并诱导造成NF1缺陷型癌细胞死亡的超氧化物的形成。

该研究小组的研究结果“利用线粒体和代谢稳态作为NF1缺陷细胞的脆弱性”最近在Oncotarget上发表。 Sanchez解释说:“在本文中,我们描述了我们的顶级领导者Y100针对NF1缺陷型细胞的机制。我们的数据到目前为止表明,Y100可以利用缺乏这种细胞的这种脆弱性,这种突变导致细胞变得恶性,包括肿瘤抑制因子NF1的丧失,导致细胞代谢,这使得它们对称为氧化应激的过程特别敏感。该团队假设使用Y100和具有相关作用机制的分子代表靶向NF1缺陷型细胞的可行治疗策略。

根据迄今为止的结果,该团队乐观地展望未来。 Sanchez说:“我们的长期目标是与我们的科学和临床顾问委员会合作,设计第0/1号试验,试剂在模型中有效减少肿瘤。 “为了测试Y100对整个生物体内GBM肿瘤的疗效,我们首先要检查Y100的毒性,为了测试Y100的疗效,我们将使用”模型“,它们是携带相同拷贝的患者GBM肿瘤的小鼠。当我们确定Y100的细胞靶点时,我们可以在头像模型中找到其他抑制剂或药物进行测试。“正在进行的研究将与诺里斯癌症中心(NCCC)的P. Jack Hoopes,DVM和Neuro-Oncology团队合作进行。

NCCC的实验室Scott Gerber,博士研究团队也在努力寻找这个小分子的细胞靶点。研究利用了达特茅斯的基因组学和分子生物学和DartLab流式细胞分析资源。

虽然这里发表的作品是药物发现过程的早期结果,但多学科团队期望通过跟踪这些发现,他们将确定治疗由NF1损失(包括GBM)驱动的侵袭性神经系统癌症的新靶点和治疗线索。

原始出处:

Robert J Allaway et al, Exploiting mitochondrial and metabolic homeostasis as a vulnerability in NF1 deficient cells, Oncotarget (2017). DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19335.

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    2018-05-31 闆锋旦
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    2017-07-25 ylzr123

    感谢小编为我们精心准备了如此精辟的精神大餐,小编辛苦了,点个赞吧!

    0

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    2017-07-25 yxch36
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    2017-07-24 hfuym10906

    学习了学习了学习了学习了

    0

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    2017-07-24 1341f3cb2dm

    非常好!

    0

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    2017-07-24 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-07-23 虈亣靌

    不错的文章,值得学习

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