Nat Commun:肝病患者的救星,科学家发现肝脏疾病的治疗关键

2017-10-17 佚名 medicalxpress

科学家已经确定了血管中的一个关键基因,它可以提供一种新的方法来评估和治疗肝病。

科学家已经确定了血管中的一个关键基因,它可以提供一种新的方法来评估和治疗肝病。

发表在《自然通讯》(NatureCommunications)杂志上的一项研究表明,一种叫做ERG的基因在保持肝脏健康方面起着关键作用。

根据伦敦帝国理工学院和伯明翰大学的研究小组的研究,老鼠和人类细胞的研究表明,这种“主基因”对维持血管的健康和内部的特殊细胞-内皮细胞,是至关重要的。

这些发现揭示了疾病进展的潜在机制,这可能会对受损肝脏和有可能患有心脏病的患者产生影响,并可能为有针对性的治疗开辟新的途径。

肝脏疾病是英国第五大死亡原因,过去10年的病例增加了20%。每年有超过1.6万人死于酒精,其中超过四分之一与酒精有关。然而,许多患者直到出现无法挽回的肝功能衰竭时才出现症状,这使得移植成为唯一可能的选择。

这表明需要找到更多的生物标志物—分子或其他标志物,可以通过临床测试发现,来检测早期疾病,并使研究人员专注于为器官提供血液和营养的小型血管。

内层血管内皮是一层特殊的细胞,在炎症反应中扮演重要的角色,可以帮助白血球进出血液,也可以在受伤后发出直接血栓

科学家先前已经证明,基因ERG帮助未分化的前体细胞成熟为内皮细胞,并在保持内皮细胞健康的过程中发挥了持续的作用。

在最新的研究中,研究人员发现,这种ERG主基因在内皮细胞中失去功能导致了小鼠肝脏的损伤和纤维化。

当小鼠被基因改造以抑制ERG的表达时,内皮细胞失去了其独特的特性,并变得不正常,恢复到早期未分化的状态,这一过程被称为EndoMT(内皮-间质过渡)。EndoMT与组织炎症和纤维化组织的积累有关,这是肝脏疾病的特征。

在动物身上也发现了类似的过程,这种化合物可以抑制肝脏的功能。在这些动物中,研究人员发现肝脏组织中ERG蛋白(由基因编码)的水平下降,内皮细胞内ERG功能的丧失与肝损伤有关。然而,他们发现给动物服用一种抗炎药,用于治疗慢性风湿性关节炎,可以防止ERG的下降,并保护动物的肝脏免受损害。

在小鼠身上的研究结果得到了人类组织的观察,他们使用了肝脏疾病患者的活检,包括与酒精相关的肝硬化。分析结果显示,小鼠模型内皮细胞中ERG的缺失,证实了ERG基因在内皮细胞中的保护作用。

安娜·兰迪教授的帝国国家心肺血管科学研究所和研究领袖说:“我们发现,主调节器的内皮细胞,ERG,不仅是维持血管的健康至关重要,而且血管周围的组织,在这种情况下,肝脏;它的损失使组织变得纤维化和功能失调。

她补充说:“这项研究表明,急性和慢性炎症对内皮细胞功能至关重要的主基因活性有显著的影响,不仅对脉管系统有深远的影响,而且对周围的组织功能也有影响,从而导致肝损伤。这是一个令人兴奋的发现,因为它打开了一种新的方法来预防或治疗肝脏疾病的目标是内皮。

根据该小组的研究,这项研究表明ERG可能被用作监测血管和组织健康的生物标志物。通过测量ERG蛋白的水平,它可以作为一个早期的警告信号,表明组织健康正在下降与反馈环路和向疤痕组织滑动有关的ERG下降。同样,它也可以用来确认治疗是否正常,ERG恢复水平。

此外,这项研究还不仅仅可以治疗肝病。慢性纤维化发生在许多其他疾病中,如动脉粥样硬化、心脏和肺部疾病,研究人员认为他们的研究发现了一种基本机制,它可能对其他疾病患者有影响。

Randi教授补充道:“我们正在努力了解ERG通路以及它如何在肝脏中成为靶向,但我们也想知道是否同样的机制发生在其他组织中,例如心脏。”纤维化是许多疾病的严重后果,包括心肌梗塞(心脏病发作),并可能导致严重的心力衰竭。

“我们计划研究是否患有心脏病和纤维化的病人在血管中也会失去ERG,以及我们如何可能利用这一途径来治疗这些病人。”

原始出处:

Neil P. Dufton, Claire R. Peghaire, Lourdes Osuna-Almagro, et.al. Dynamic regulation of canonical TGFβ signalling by endothelial transcription factor ERG protects from liver fibrogenesis. Nature Communications 8, Article number: 895 (2017)

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    2017-10-24 大爰

    学习并分享!!

    0

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    2018-02-23 liuli5079
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    2017-10-17 清风拂面

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

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    2017-10-17 忠诚向上

    好好努力学习一下

    0

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