J Biol Chem:糖代谢VS脂代谢,科学家找到了癌症代谢新联系

2018-05-08 小通 生物通

上海交通大学医学院和Albert Einstein医学院的研究人员发现了一种使肿瘤细胞迅速增殖的酶,抑制这种酶可能是缓解癌症生长的潜在策略。这项研究发表于著名学术期刊《Journal of Biological Chemistry》。


上海交通大学医学院和Albert Einstein医学院的研究人员发现了一种使肿瘤细胞迅速增殖的酶,抑制这种酶可能是缓解癌症生长的潜在策略。这项研究发表于著名学术期刊《Journal of Biological Chemistry》。

健康细胞从血液中获取脂肪酸和胆固醇用于自身细胞膜建设,然而,癌细胞则通过频繁地增加脂类合成酶活性在很大程度上自给自足。

固醇调节元件结合蛋白(sterol regulatory element binding proteins,SREBPs)是这类酶家族的成员之一。SREBPs能进入细胞核,打开参与脂质生产的基因。在包括肝癌、结肠癌乳腺癌在内的部分癌细胞系中,一种被称为SREBP1a的SREBPs表现过度活跃。

Albert Einstein医学院发育与分子生物学副教授Fajun Yang致力于研究癌细胞如何为自身提供脂质。这篇文章的第一作者是Yang教授实验室的博后研究员Xiaoping Zhao,目前就职于上海交通大学。

在新研究中,他们发现SREBP1a在癌细胞中的过度活化归因为另一种名为丙酮酸激酶M2(pyruvate kinase M2,PKM2)的酶。巧合的是,已知PKM2也参与另一个饥饿的癌细胞剩余能量供给机制:在葡萄糖代谢过程中化学修饰丙酮酸。新文章鉴定PKM2也能修饰SREBP1a。

“从未有人意识到PKM2也参与脂质代谢调节,”Yang说。“事实上,我们相当于找到了糖代谢调节剂和脂代谢调节剂之间的一个联系。而在癌细胞中,这两种代谢都异常活跃。”

当PKM2与SREBP1a相互作用时,SREBP1a会变得更加稳定,这使得它能畅通无阻地开启脂质合成基因。当用一种小分子蛋白阻断二者之间的相互作用时,研究人员发现,这能阻止过量的脂质生产,并减缓癌细胞的生长。

“这让癌细胞产生了‘哦,我快饿死了!’的感觉,”Yang说。“肿瘤细胞变得异常脆弱,即使它们能吸收大量葡萄糖,也不能获得足够的用于建设细胞膜的原材料。”

该方法很有潜力,因为健康细胞并不会如此高水平的表达这两种靶蛋白,相反癌细胞的生长则非常依赖这条途径,患者只需低剂量的毒性药物就能杀死癌细胞,从而减少化疗副作用。

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    2018-12-05 sunylz
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    2018-05-10 zz70
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    2018-05-10 huangdf
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    2018-05-09 kafei

    学习学习谢谢

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