液体活检技术将迎来全新时代

2018-02-11 佚名 基因谷

临床实践的推行,给大家带来了希望的曙光,众望所归的液体活检技术是否能够兴起,迎来全新的时代?

第十四届全国大肠癌学术会议期间,北京大学首钢医院院长顾晋表示:“目前,ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)这种检测技术在临床已经开始应用,常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应、监测肿瘤耐药突变、评估手术效果等方面。”

无独有偶,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内科主任王洁在第一届海峡肺癌国际高峰论坛暨第六届肺癌精准诊疗研讨会上也表明:“液体活检ctDNA方面的研究, 已进入临床实践,写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南。组织如果拿不到,液体活检可以作为补充,已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用。”

另外,中山大学肿瘤防治中心主任徐瑞华与美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校教授张康共同带领的中美科学家团队经历了多年研究,占领了液体活检技术新高峰,通过检测少量血液中循环肿瘤ctDNA特定位点的甲基化水平,将肝癌患者的漏诊率降低至一半以内,相关肝癌甲基化的试剂盒已投入产业化的生产,这一应用的文章也在国际学术顶尖杂志《自然—材料》发表。

临床实践的推行,给大家带来了希望的曙光,众望所归的液体活检技术是否能够兴起,迎来全新的时代?

需求决定了液体活检市场

液体活检,是通过对血液样品等非固体生物组织的采集,比对血液循环过程中遗传物质的生物学特征来对全身进行肿瘤分析的一门新兴技术。究竟是什么样的技术能够获得商业界、科研界的一致注目,使各家企业或自主研发,或从海外引入技术,在被《麻省理工大学科技评论》评选为“2015年十大突破技术”之后,又荣登世界经济论坛评出的“2017年度全球十大新兴技术榜单”?

需求决定市场,之所以受到人们密切的关注,原因还在于较为传统的组织穿刺检验方法,液体活检无创、精确、便捷,很大程度上消除了肿瘤细胞异质性带来的检测不一致性,而且可以降低医疗成本。目前液体活检主要集中在循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)、ctDNA、循环肿瘤microRNA、外泌体四个方面,其中临床应用广泛集中在对ctDNA的研究上,其定量测算、追根溯源的特质,对于我们正确认识肿瘤疾病的发展和制定相关的医学方案有很大的帮助。

ctDNA主要来源于循环游离DNA(cfDNA),携带肿瘤细胞突变或重组的基因。虽然只有整个DNA的不到1%,但由于其小于2小时的半衰期,更能反映肿瘤循环细胞中的准确信息。英国商会(BCC)预测,到2020年,基于ctDNA的液体活检市场预计将达到220亿美元。

值得关注的五大分析技术

近年来ctDNA的相关分析技术主要有5个方面。

定量聚合酶链式反应(qPCR)被认为是DNA定量的标准方法。意大利生物科学研究室的研究人员通过对比100名健康个体和100名非小细胞肺癌患者的qPCR结果发现,患者体内的ctDNA含量远远高于健康人。但qPCR在放大倍数的同时,也把观察和测量的人为误差放大,无法从结果中准确地把握ctDNA的数值。

数字聚合酶链式反应(dPCR)是目前最成熟,但尚未获得美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准的检测ctDNA的一项专利技术。

BEAMing技术是在dPCR方法的基础上,混合进流式磁珠,将不同类别的磁珠分布在对应的DNA细胞中,然后用流式细胞仪检测标记以达到计算ctDNA的目的。尽管BEAMing是评估患者血液肿瘤特性的有效方法,但当肿瘤极性过小时,会有测量误差。

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是一种通过激光照射金属纳米颗粒产生表面增强,导致被检测对象的拉曼信号明显增强,最终计算ctDNA数值大小的方法。信号变化来源于光波的强弱,具有很高的灵敏性。

下一代测序(NGS)即高通量测序(HTS),对于肿瘤的发现和理解有突破性的进展。在NGS的基础上萌生了很多用以检测ctDNA的方法。例如,癌症个体化深度测序分析方法(CAPP-Seq),通过深度测序来研究ctDNA特性的Capp-Seq是第一个基于NGS技术的ctDNA检测技术,虽然检测价格较高,但其高灵敏度和准确性还是引起了广泛关注和临床应用。

除了ctDNA,循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)在肿瘤领域的应用也得到认可,最新NCCN乳腺癌指南(2017.v3),已将循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)纳入TNM分期系统。

2018年1月1日在全球启用的AJCC第八版癌症分期系统,将乳腺癌外周血中的CTC列为预后提示因子。

循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)是痕量存在于外周血中的各类肿瘤细胞的统称。它通过血液循环散播到身体各处,并在合适的环境中增殖,导致肿瘤的复发转移。

CTC对肿瘤远端转移和预后的评估作用,目前已得到国际权威肿瘤诊疗指南的肯定。下面就来盘点一下,CTC逐渐走入临床实践指南的历程。

2010

美国AJCC指南(第七版)

美国癌症联合委员会AJCC在2010年制定的《肿瘤分期指南》(《Cancer Staging Manuel》)中,首次把CTC列入TNM分期系统,作为一个新的M分期(远端转移)标准,列为cM0(i+)分期,出现在M0和M1之间。

cM0(i+)分期定义为:无任何转移性临床症状或体征,无远处转移的临床或影像学证据,但通过分子检测或显微镜检,在循环血液、骨髓或其他非区域淋巴结组织中发现肿瘤细胞或≤0.2mm的微小转移灶。

2017

NCCN乳腺癌临床实践指南

最新版乳腺癌NCCN指南2017.v3版,正式引入cM0(i+)分期。

2018

美国AJCC指南(第八版)

2018年1月1日在全球启用的AJCC第八版癌症分期系统中,除保留cM0(i+)分期外,更进一步明确了CTC检测的临床价值。最新指南将CTC列为继ER/PR、HER2、Ki67和肿瘤组织学分级四项生物学指标之后的又一项乳腺癌预后评估工具,认为乳腺癌外周血中存在CTC提示预后不良。

此外,第8版分期系统详细阐述了M分期的使用规则:pM0不是一个有意义的分期,病理阴性不应作为pM0;所有患者均应划分为cM0或cM1;如果cM1随后经病理确诊,则为pM1。

小贴士

AJCC指南:

美国肿瘤联合会(American Joint Committee on Cancer,AJCC)于1977年制定第1版癌症分期系统至今已历时40年。坚持以解剖学原发肿瘤(T),淋巴结(N)及转移灶(M)信息为基础对肿瘤分期进行评价是其一贯的基本原则。2016-10-06,AJCC第8版癌症分期系统更新出版,并确定将于2018-01-01在全球启动执行。其中,乳腺癌分期系统大篇幅增加非解剖学信息是更新的最大亮点。从不断细化宏观解剖学分期,到结合基因检测分析肿瘤生物学信息,AJCC癌症分期系统推动了临床肿瘤学综合预后评价体系从量变到质变的升华。

NCCN肿瘤临床实践指南:

《NCCN肿瘤临床实践指南》由美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN?)制订。NCCN指南不仅是美国肿瘤领域临床决策的标准,也已成为全球肿瘤临床实践中应用最为广泛的指南,在中国也得到了广大肿瘤医生的认可与青睐,是提供给医疗保健系统决策者的极具价值的重要资讯。

产业仍处于探索阶段

虽然液体活检的开发前景很大,整个产业仍然处于科研探索与验证的阶段,在临床实践中还需要注意一些问题。首先缺乏统一技术方案,不同的检测技术会导致不同的结果。其次,数据的处理在数量级跨度大的情况下须谨慎,人为误差可能会被放大许多成为统计错误。最后,医学伦理层面也值得我们注意和思考,尚不成熟的医学技术应用于临床也势必会遭到抵触。

目前市场中液体活检涉及的癌症种类甚多,细分领域的龙头企业也已经崭露头角,但成熟的市场格局暂未形成。作为新兴技术,国内外获批的液体活检产品寥寥可数,包括杨森诊断公司的CellSearch、Epigenomics公司的EpiproColon技术、罗氏的cobas EGFR突变检测试剂盒v2、格诺思博公司的叶酸受体阳性CTC检测试剂盒和友芝友公司的循环肿瘤细胞快速染色液。

液体活检在不同方向上的成熟度不同,靶向用药指导较为成熟,也是基因检测公司争夺的热点。在资本的大力推动下,众多公司迅速推广检测产品抢占市场,竞争十分激烈,企业获得临床监管许可证之后,竞争优势会更加明显。

广阔的市场想象空间让大家纷至沓来,投资额也屡屡再创新高。证券公司Piper Jaffray测算,预计2026年液体活检市场容量将达到326亿美元,其中癌症领域286亿美元,未来10年的复合增长率将保持在21.7%左右。

精准医疗是永不落幕的医疗投资机会,我们要做的就是给液体活检一个相对宽松的技术研发环境,一步步攻克液体活检的相关技术,让其更好地为广大人民谋福祉。

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#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-18 zwjnj2

    好好学习学习天天向上

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-22 zwjnj2

    好好好好学习学习学习

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-13 smlt2008
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1988833, encodeId=d46c198883339, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e526589085' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#液体活检技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65890, encryptionId=6e526589085, topicName=液体活检技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b79433, createdName=jiangjun073, createdTime=Tue Dec 04 05:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=307020, encodeId=a3bb30e0205d, content=好好学习学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Wed Apr 18 21:31:15 CST 2018, time=2018-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=289963, encodeId=cb79289963ef, content=好好好好学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM6DGOvNrRdcib3UmzMgpEQpl0ENSJScphsFtdgfibXX1g1IuEYGCjP23UqCd52TxTpSZibtPiclyusaHicnNXd78alaia19Qy1nAFo18/0, createdBy=50381491660, createdName=zwjnj2, createdTime=Thu Feb 22 17:50:10 CST 2018, time=2018-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278071, encodeId=053f12e80713d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d34e6523544' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#活检#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65235, encryptionId=d34e6523544, topicName=活检)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582653, encodeId=50001582653c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Tue Feb 13 07:59:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287123, encodeId=328f28e123b6, content=组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:37 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287122, encodeId=80a828e1220f, content=[液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:21:09 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287121, encodeId=1f5028e12193, content=ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面.", beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:45 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=287120, encodeId=434128e120d5, content=对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 17:20:20 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-11 随梦飞扬

    组织如果拿不到.液体活检可以作为补充.已经有很多研究展示出ctDNA为基础的液体活检在个性化治疗中的作用."

    0

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    2018-02-11 随梦飞扬

    [液体活检ctDNA方面的研究.已进入临床实践.写入了美国国立综合癌症网络和中国肺癌的指南.

    0

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    2018-02-11 随梦飞扬

    ctDNA(循环肿瘤基因)常常用在检测肿瘤治疗药物反应.监测肿瘤耐药突变.评估手术效果等方面."

    0

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    2018-02-11 随梦飞扬

    对于这部分可能是孤立肾的患者.术后接受铂类为主的化疗总体是安全的.当然化疗用药期间必要的肾功能监测与水化利尿等保护肾功能措施也必不可少.

    0

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