Kidney Int:让晚期肾病患者糊涂不得 透析方式有玄机

2018-02-27 安雅晶 环球医学网

“难得糊涂”是郑板桥的传世名言,富含哲理。不过对于晚期肾病(ESRD)患者来说,“糊涂”真的不是好事。终末期肾病患者认知功能受损会降低他们对复杂医疗或饮食方案的依从性及完全参与到医疗决策中的能力。

“难得糊涂”是郑板桥的传世名言,富含哲理。不过对于晚期肾病(ESRD)患者来说,“糊涂”真的不是好事。终末期肾病患者认知功能受损会降低他们对复杂医疗或饮食方案的依从性及完全参与到医疗决策中的能力。

ESRD患者表现出较高的认知障碍患病率。初始透析后认知功能障碍会改善,甚至成功肾移植后一般会发生逆转。然而,对不同治疗模式对认知功能改变的了解知之甚少。

2018年2月,发表在《Kidney Int》的一项由德国科学家进行的研究表明,相比血液透析,腹膜透析治疗一年与更好的认知功能相关。

为了获取进一步的相关知识,研究者关注了进行1年疗程腹膜透析vs血液透析患者的认知功能。

在CORETH项目下,两个经过验证的神经认知测试[评估执行功能(连线测试-B)和注意力(d2-版测试)和自我报告的肾疾病生活质量短表认知功能子量表]于基线和1年后给予了271例患者。根据倾向得分对96例血透患者和101例腹透患者匹配了子样本,并调整了年龄、合并症、教育和工作状态。调查了时间和治疗模式的影响,并控制了已知的混杂因素。

两个测试都显示,1年后认知功能都改善。

基线和随访时,腹透比血透与更好的结局相关,但是组间可比性有限。自我报告呈现出相反的结果。

血透患者比腹透患者更常排除在认知测试之外。因此,排除的数量会对结果造成偏倚,限制了结果的普遍性。

因此,该研究结果表明,认知功能具有改善,并支持了之前作出的“腹透治疗1年比血透与更好的认知功能相关”的论断。

这是在控制已知认知功能(CF)相关因素的同时,比较HD和PD患者长期CF的首次尝试之一。使用两个经过很好验证的神经心理学检测,两组均表现出1年内EF和注意力改善。

一些研究已经证明透析开始后CF改善。但关于透析时间的影响,缺乏纵向数据,存在相反的结果:早期研究未发现透析时间更长,认知衰退,而其他研究发现,当基线的平均持续时间通常为几年时(例如56.6个月),透析患者的CF随时间推移而更差。由于此样本中基线平均透析时间为14.8个月,保留CF的治疗的有益效果可能超过透析的早期起始阶段。在更长持续时间的某一时刻,CF的梯度过程可能达到平衡甚至下降,但研究者无法在本研究中进行解释。肾衰与CF之间相关性的潜在机制,随后的透析治疗及其对CF的影响,可能性质更加复杂。

对于ESRD患者,不是“难得糊涂”,是“糊涂不得”。想要改善认知功能,或许改变一下透析方式就能做到。希望上述研究能为您带来启示!


原始出处:
Neumann D, Mau W, Wienke A,et al.Peritoneal dialysis is associated with better cognitive function than hemodialysis over a one-year course.Kidney Int. 2018 Feb;93(2):430-438. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.07.022. Epub 2017 Oct 14.

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    2018-03-15 古道西风659

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    2018-03-05 海之蓝

    学习

    0

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    2018-03-01 gwc389
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    2018-02-28 1e160a78m83(暂无匿称)

    对自己疾病明确认知.摆正心态.对预后有明显治疗效果.

    0

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