Lancet Oncol:放疗与PD-L1抑制剂:携手共抗肺癌(KEYNOTE-001)

2017-05-31 王强 肿瘤资讯

Lancet Oncology于5月23日在线发表了Shaverdian等人关于放疗联合pembrolizumab用于非小细胞肺癌治疗临床I期试验相关分析的文章,并配发了鲁汶大学医院Ruysscher的述评。检查点抑制剂用于转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的一线及二线治疗,可以显着改善患者的无进展生存、总生存及生活质量。同时早已明确放疗也会活化免疫系统中与免疫治疗耐药相关的关键部分。很多癌症细胞并

Lancet Oncology于5月23日在线发表了Shaverdian等人关于放疗联合pembrolizumab用于非小细胞肺癌治疗临床I期试验相关分析的文章,并配发了鲁汶大学医院Ruysscher的述评。

检查点抑制剂用于转移性非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)的一线及二线治疗,可以显着改善患者的无进展生存、总生存及生活质量。同时早已明确放疗也会活化免疫系统中与免疫治疗耐药相关的关键部分。很多癌症细胞并不表达MHC-I分子、或表达水平较低,而放疗可以上调这类分子、以及肿瘤相关抗原的表达。放疗还具有导致免疫细胞死亡、活化树突细胞、降低肿瘤内调节性T细胞(Tregs)水平、扩展T细胞的谱系、增强T细胞转移等等多种作用。放疗还可能会将非免疫性肿瘤完全、或部分的转化为免疫性肿瘤。放疗联合不同形式的免疫治疗如抗PD-1抗体、抗PD-L1抗体、抗CTLA-4抗体、免疫性细胞因子、树突细胞疫苗、Toll样受体拮抗剂,总是可以起到改善肿瘤局部控制、进而改善总体控制、并诱导产生具有记忆功能的特异性抗癌免疫效果。此外,由于放疗可以上调PD-1/PD-L1,且放疗可以克服PD-(L)1抑制剂的耐药,所以放疗与这类抑制剂的联合是合理的。这一方案的最佳时机、治疗顺序、所需剂量等仍有待进一步研究;但根据临床前模型研究表明,抗PD-(L)1及放疗同时进行要优于序贯进行。

因此,Lancet Oncology杂志刊发Shaverdian等人的文章可以说是及时雨:该文报道了I期KEYNOTE-001试验中单中心的97例进展期NSCLC患者相关情况,旨在确定放疗史是否会影响pembrolizumab治疗的无进展生存或总生存。42例(43%)患者有放疗史。有放疗史者出现PD-L1膜表达50%以上的数量要少于无放疗史者(5例、12%,vs. 12例、22%)。

此前进行过颅脑外照射的患者,其6个月无进展生存比例为54%,而未进行过颅脑外照射患者的这一比例仅为21%。进行过颅脑外照射的患者相比未进行过这一治疗的患者来说,总生存时间的中位数更长(11.6个月vs.5.3个月)、6个月时患者生存的比例更高(75% vs. 45%)。此后的时间点上,出现相关风险事件的患者数量较少,但有颅脑外照射史的患者无进展生存、总生存仍要更好一些。接受过其他放疗方案、包括全脑放疗在内的患者也观察到了放疗获益。

尽管临床前研究中,放疗与抗PD-(L)1治疗的最佳联合方式为同步进行、或至少极为接近,但本研究中此前的放疗与第一周期pembrolizumab应用时间间隔中位数为9.5个月。不过可能仍有获益。

具有胸部放疗史的患者相比无该放疗史患者而言,其治疗相关肺部不良反应的总体比例更高(3例、13%,vs. 1例、1%),也支持放疗联合pembrolizumab可能会增强免疫系统的作用。不过,尚无这类患者剂量-体积的相关参数,如肺部平均剂量。

放疗的剂量、分布、时间、顺序、靶区勾画,目的都是杀伤癌症细胞、并尽量不要有遗漏。用作干预免疫时,其目的就不同了,因此经典理论可能需要进行有针对性的调整。比如,可能无需将整个肿瘤及其镜下范围均纳入大剂量放疗区,因为只需肿瘤、甚至部分肿瘤即足以触发免疫系统。触发免疫反应的放疗剂量及分割方案可能很大程度上取决于诸多未知因素,但所需剂量可能远低于根治性放疗所需剂量。而剂量的减少则会进一步降低不良反应。最后,质子治疗相比光子治疗而言使得免疫系统更加完善,因为前者在身体的大部分区域剂量都更低一些,且质子在免疫治疗中可能具有尚未认识到的作用。这些问题中尚需更多标志物相关研究。

由于Shaverdian等人的研究是对一个单中心I期试验的亚组分析,因此并无明确结论。不过,该研究结果完全是一项高水平临床前研究数据,提示放疗可以与所有的免疫干预方案联合应用来改善预后,也包括检查点抑制剂在内。如果经随机试验证实,则放疗应成为免疫治疗的有机组成部分,类似多种药物联合应用一样。

点评

从手术、到药物;从放疗、到免疫治疗,抗癌路上从不缺新人。但,就目前来说,想单一方案扛起抗癌大旗,还是颇有难度的!如何有机整合现有方案,的确是肿瘤医生需面临的一个宏大课题!

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    2017-08-08 howi
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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10464, encryptionId=2fdf10464e6, topicName=KEYNOTE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=94e330506057, createdName=tm10051991, createdTime=Tue Apr 17 03:25:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205935, encodeId=4ce220593543, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 03 09:27:09 CST 2017, time=2017-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254921, encodeId=170a12549215f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-24 jklm09
  4. 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content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-14 宇文

    继续学习

    0

  5. 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content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-22 minlingfeng
  6. 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time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. 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createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Tue Aug 08 03:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851441, encodeId=2cc2185144147, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Sun Dec 24 09:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=222240, encodeId=3b9e22224010, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10464, encryptionId=2fdf10464e6, topicName=KEYNOTE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=94e330506057, createdName=tm10051991, createdTime=Tue Apr 17 03:25:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205935, encodeId=4ce220593543, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 03 09:27:09 CST 2017, time=2017-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254921, encodeId=170a12549215f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-03 ylzr123

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!

    0

  8. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10464, encryptionId=2fdf10464e6, topicName=KEYNOTE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=94e330506057, createdName=tm10051991, createdTime=Tue Apr 17 03:25:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205935, encodeId=4ce220593543, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 03 09:27:09 CST 2017, time=2017-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254921, encodeId=170a12549215f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-02 smartjoy
  9. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10464, encryptionId=2fdf10464e6, topicName=KEYNOTE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=94e330506057, createdName=tm10051991, createdTime=Tue Apr 17 03:25:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205935, encodeId=4ce220593543, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Sat Jun 03 09:27:09 CST 2017, time=2017-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1254921, encodeId=170a12549215f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 11:25:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205544, encodeId=403020554480, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:13:52 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-02 ylzr123

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!

    0

  10. 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time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205227, encodeId=439520522ecd, content=涨知识了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 12:45:18 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-01 luominglian113

    涨知识了,谢谢分享

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