阜外医院张海涛等推出中国心脏重症镇静镇痛专家共识:所有患者应常规评估与监测疼痛、烦躁和谵妄

2017-03-20 卢芳 中国循环杂志

心脏重症与综合重症不尽相同,另有其特殊之处。为了更加规范心脏重症镇静镇痛治疗,阜外医院张海涛等组成的中国心脏重症镇静镇痛专家委员会就此制定了共识。其中要点见下:1. 镇静镇痛治疗是心脏术后患者早期重要的治疗措施,可减少手术的应激以及血流动力学相关并发症。2. 女性较男性疼痛更明显,适当镇静镇痛治疗可改善预后。3. 所有心脏重症患者应常规进行疼痛、烦躁、谵妄的评估与监测。4. 老年人易发生谵妄,应予

心脏重症与综合重症不尽相同,另有其特殊之处。为了更加规范心脏重症镇静镇痛治疗,阜外医院张海涛等组成的中国心脏重症镇静镇痛专家委员会就此制定了共识。其中要点见下:

1. 镇静镇痛治疗是心脏术后患者早期重要的治疗措施,可减少手术的应激以及血流动力学相关并发症。

2. 女性较男性疼痛更明显,适当镇静镇痛治疗可改善预后。

3. 所有心脏重症患者应常规进行疼痛、烦躁、谵妄的评估与监测。

4. 老年人易发生谵妄,应予以预防与治疗。

5. 心脏外科术后可以按照镇静流程实施,低危患者采用半衰期短的药物更佳,高危患者采用何种镇静镇痛药物则无区别,策略可有所不同,达到目标即可。

6. 镇静治疗给药时,应用负荷量时宜减小剂量,以免导致血流动力学波动。苯二氮?类推荐作为常用的产生镇静、抗焦虑和顺行性遗忘作用药物,血流动力学稳定心脏重症患者推荐应用丙泊酚。

7. 镇痛推荐使用吗啡、芬太尼、瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼与布托啡诺,瑞芬太尼可缩短呼吸机时间与住院时间,布托啡诺可减少强阿片类药物的不良反应,同时对心肌具有一定的保护作用。

8. 镇静镇痛推荐使用右美托咪啶,降低交感张力,发挥有益的适当降压与减慢心率作用,产生可唤醒的/合作的镇静状态,无呼吸抑制心脏重症谵妄患者推荐使用。

9. 心脏重症患者镇静镇痛实施过程中,应密切进行循环功能监测,考虑各种镇静镇痛药物对血管系统的影响,必要时需要根据血流动力学调整液体和缩血管药物应用。

10. 心脏外科术后很多情况需要延长呼吸机辅助时间,期间需要镇静的支持,长程镇静患者推荐使用半衰期长对循环影响小的镇静镇痛药物组合。

原始出处:

中国心脏重症镇静镇痛专家委员会. 中国心脏重症镇静镇痛专家共识. 中华医学杂志. 2017.

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    2017-03-23 往日如昨

    心脏外科术后很多情况需要延长呼吸机辅助时间,期间需要镇静的支持,长程镇静患者推荐使用半衰期长对循环影响小的镇静镇痛药物组合。

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816025, encodeId=1e4918160255e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc4e9e348b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阜外医#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97348, encryptionId=fc4e9e348b6, topicName=阜外医)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c97a2500111, createdName=thinkibmz_44722594, createdTime=Tue Oct 10 00:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1844713, encodeId=a1951844e13f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d2f206482e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家共识#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20648, encryptionId=5d2f206482e, topicName=专家共识)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=568152, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 15:51:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=182185, encodeId=17ea182185cb, content=心脏外科术后很多情况需要延长呼吸机辅助时间,期间需要镇静的支持,长程镇静患者推荐使用半衰期长对循环影响小的镇静镇痛药物组合。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Thu Mar 23 13:38:34 CST 2017, time=2017-03-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1293621, encodeId=3163129362113, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c6e9e34931' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阜外医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97349, encryptionId=4c6e9e34931, topicName=阜外医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355227, encodeId=78e0135522e4f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1576013, encodeId=70d315e601385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dc666e14367' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烦躁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67143, encryptionId=dc666e14367, topicName=烦躁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f58216274428, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-22 zhaojie88
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816025, encodeId=1e4918160255e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc4e9e348b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阜外医#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97348, encryptionId=fc4e9e348b6, topicName=阜外医)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c97a2500111, createdName=thinkibmz_44722594, createdTime=Tue Oct 10 00:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1844713, encodeId=a1951844e13f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d2f206482e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家共识#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20648, encryptionId=5d2f206482e, topicName=专家共识)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=568152, createdName=snowpeakxu, createdTime=Sun Feb 11 15:51:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=182185, encodeId=17ea182185cb, content=心脏外科术后很多情况需要延长呼吸机辅助时间,期间需要镇静的支持,长程镇静患者推荐使用半衰期长对循环影响小的镇静镇痛药物组合。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0a61971598, createdName=往日如昨, createdTime=Thu Mar 23 13:38:34 CST 2017, time=2017-03-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1293621, encodeId=3163129362113, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c6e9e34931' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阜外医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97349, encryptionId=4c6e9e34931, topicName=阜外医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355227, encodeId=78e0135522e4f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1576013, encodeId=70d315e601385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dc666e14367' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烦躁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67143, encryptionId=dc666e14367, topicName=烦躁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f58216274428, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 01:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-22 晓辰