Alzheimers Dement:认知训练可改善血管性轻度认知障碍患者认知功能

2019-04-10 不详 宣武医院

近期,宣武医院贾建平教授团队在《Alzheimer's & Dementia》上发表题为“The effects of 7-week cognitive training in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (the Cog-VACCINE study): A randomized controlled trial

近期,宣武医院贾建平教授团队在《Alzheimer's & Dementia》上发表题为“The effects of 7-week cognitive training in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (the Cog-VACCINE study): A randomized controlled trial”的论文。研究团队通过随机对照试验,证实认知训练可有效改善血管性轻度认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment no dementia, VCIND)患者的认知功能。

认知障碍严重影响着患者的生活质量,给家庭和社会带来较重的负担。血管性认知障碍是引起认知障碍的第二大病因,仅次于阿尔茨海默病。贾建平教授牵头的全国多中心研究显示,目前我国轻度认知障碍患者超过2000万,其中VCIND占到第一位,占比高达42%,对于这类患者尚无获批的有效治疗药物。近年来,作为一种非药物治疗方法,认知训练在痴呆预防和早期干预中的作用受到了越来越广泛的关注。面对我国数量庞大的VCIND患者群,认知训练对其预防和早期干预效果如何?采取怎样具有针对性、切实有效的认知训练系统以改善患者认知功能?认知训练作用的规律和内在机制如何?

为此,宣武医院贾建平教授团队自2016年开始牵头开展了Cog-VACCINE(Cognitive training in patients with VAsCular Cognitive Impairment, No dEmentia)研究,这是国际上首个针对VCIND的认知训练干预研究,旨在明确认知训练的治疗作用并探讨其内在作用机制。此次研究所采用的认知训练系统,是由研究团队在前期工作中所提出的认知网络调控概念的基础上建立的基于互联网、计算机化、多认知域、适应性的认知训练系统。研究团队将入组的60名皮层下VCIND患者,随机分为认知训练干预组及活性对照组。干预组予以连续7周,每周5天,每天30分钟的认知训练,而对照组接受同等时间固定难度的简单计算机操作任务。结果显示,干预组的蒙特利尔认知评估量表评分从平均21.87升高到25.22分,有了明显提高,与对照组得分变化(从21.23分下降到21.15分)相比有显着统计学差异。在进一步采用静息态功能核磁分析后,发现干预组在经过认知训练后,患者脑默认网络(DMN)与执行控制网络(ECN)间的连接显着增强,且这种改变与患者整体认知功能的改善显着相关。

通过该项研究,证实计算机化、多认知域、适应性认知训练可以显着改善皮层下VCIND患者的整体认知功能,并揭示神经可塑性是患者认知功能改善的内在机制,从认知评测和神经机制两个层面证实了认知训练对VCIND认知功能的改善,为临床上开展痴呆的预防和早期干预提供了有力的手段。

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    2019-05-24 anminleiryan
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