我的《新英格兰医学杂志》论文养成记

2019-01-13 徐文东 NEJM医学前沿

2018年1月4日,《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)发表了复旦大学附属华山医院、国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(华山)徐文东团队“健侧颈7移位术治疗中枢损伤后上肢痉挛瘫的临床试验”(2017年12月21日在线发表;详见《徐文东团队NEJM论著:“交叉移位”颈神经,治疗上肢痉挛瘫》)。这项研究是关于一项手术新技术的临床试验,是完全中国原创的全新治疗策略,一经发表便在学术界和患者中引起了巨大反响。本周,

2018年1月4日,《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)发表了复旦大学附属华山医院、国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(华山)徐文东团队“健侧颈7移位术治疗中枢损伤后上肢痉挛瘫的临床试验”(2017年12月21日在线发表;详见《徐文东团队NEJM论著:“交叉移位”颈神经,治疗上肢痉挛瘫》)。这项研究是关于一项手术新技术的临床试验,是完全中国原创的全新治疗策略,一经发表便在学术界和患者中引起了巨大反响。本周,该文又被NEJM编辑部评为“Most Notable NEJM Original Articles 2018”(详见《中国研究入选《新英格兰医学杂志》评选的2018重要NEJM论文》)之一。

NEJM曾配发社论,称其“创造性地利用外周神经系统神经移位解决中枢神经系统疾病,代表了一种全新的思路,同时为深入洞悉神经解剖和神经生理提供了机会”。这一研究在全世界范围得到广泛传播,多本专业权威杂志相继报道,并有高度评价。

这篇论文诞生的背后,是华山医院手外科数十年、几代人的辛勤积累,和作者们锲而不舍、对科学孜孜不倦的追求。在这里,我们分享文章的整个投稿过程,希望对同道们有所帮助!

前传

1986年顾玉东院士经过对一千多例臂丛损伤病人的总结发现,臂丛五根神经中最中间的一根颈七神经根,单纯切断不会造成永久损害。基于此,他首创了健侧颈七神经移位治疗臂丛神经损伤。这一成果获1993年国家发明二等奖,现已在全世界广泛应用。

从2001年开始,顾玉东院士安排我对“健侧颈七神经移位”手术进行深入的研究。经过深入细致的长期观察,我发现这一“左右转位”的手术后存在特殊的临床现象,即瘫痪手的运动、感觉恢复规律不同。我抓住这一极易被忽略的特殊临床现象,带领团队经过5年一系列的基础和临床研究,逐步发现双侧上肢的感觉信号可以同时汇聚于一侧大脑半球,而一侧大脑也可以控制双上肢的运动,由此提出关于大脑功能重塑领域的全新理念,即一侧大脑半球可以同时支配双侧上肢。

基于以上研究结果,我们提出了治疗脑卒中、脑瘫等中枢损伤后偏瘫后遗症的全新策略,即通过将外周神经进行左右交叉移位手术,在外周搭建一条连接卒中后瘫痪肢体和同侧健康大脑半球的“直接通道”,避开损伤半球,促使健康半球发生脑功能重塑,实现一侧大脑控制双侧肢体。

从2006年开始,我们进行了非常详尽的动物实验,从行为学、电生理、功能影像、免疫组化等各方面论证了我们的科学假设,并在2008年首次应用到病人,取得了非常显著的效果。这一过程是典型的转化医学过程,使得将我们的工作可以最大程度地展示给临床医生和科研工作者,并可以使更多的人群受益。

投稿

NEJM作为全世界最受认可、引领创新、提倡新方法的权威杂志,在我们心目中可以说“高山仰止”。所以,我们将这五年多的工作——从前期动物实验验证到初步临床应用(临床小样本验证)的整个过程——撰写成文,作为由基础转化到临床的成功应用实践,于2013年3月14日第一次向NEJM投稿。投稿后从文章状态可以看到我们的文章很快就送了外审。

很明显,杂志社对我们的创新方法非常感兴趣,期间还通过其它方式了解了作者及所在单位科室的背景和学术专长。两个多月后,我们在2013年5月29日收到了审稿意见,包括编辑的六条意见和五个外审专家的意见。另外编辑要求我们把基础研究部分删去,只将临床资料整理成文。这说明我们的基础研究已得到编辑部的认可,证明了我们的临床应用不是凭空想出来的。我们信心大振,夜以继日地准备起来。

拒稿,但有新的希望

经过近两个月的仔细推敲修改后,我们撰写了一份64页的point-to-point的返修信,以及重新修改过的文章,在2013年7月24号寄回到NEJM。接下来的日子里,我们紧张地看到文章状态不断在变,推测可能编辑们的意见大概不统一。一直过了近三个月,终于,我们收到来自杂志社主编的拒稿信。看到拒稿信我非常沮丧。但是,这封拒稿信不同寻常,主编在信最后专门写到“虽然我们认为这项研究十分有趣并且很有前景,但是很抱歉……请将来再次投稿的时候仍然考虑我们期刊。我们对病人随机化、对照、盲法评价的2期临床试验很感兴趣。”

我们这时亲身体会了NEJM是怎样的分量,它为什么定位是要改变人类医疗行为的杂志:它喜欢你的思路新颖,也承认转化研究的结果,但是它就是需要你用正规的临床研究来验证!

至此,我们面临一个巨大的抉择:是放弃,改投其他杂志,还是坚持下去,进一步开展临床研究?抱着力争在全世界最顶尖杂志推广我们的“中国原创“的信念和失败了也是学习的平常心,我们愿意再花五年时间,用最为客观、严苛的随机对照试验(RCT)研究,证明手术的有效性。

绝地归来

外科的RCT研究是非常艰巨的挑战。如何做到随机、对照和盲法,非常考验设计者的功力。我们别无选择——只有不断学习,才能应对这一挑战。同时,在这段时间里,我们在其他领域也发表了多篇相关文章,并开展了全国学习班推广。所有这些努力,都被证明在后来的投稿过程中起到了很好的铺垫作用。

经过近3年的充分准备和辛苦工作,RCT研究终于完成。然而把海量的数据在正文2700字内清晰地表达,也是巨大的考验。幸运的是,我们得到了诸多顶级专家好友的帮助指导。2016年11月28日,我们再次投稿。

时隔三年多,NEJM还记得它的承诺。文章很快送了外审。可能是圣诞加新年的关系,这次的外审时间长了点。2017年2月21日,我们收到NEJM的第一次修回通知。从这天开始,我们共经历了三次大修,数十次小修。仅三次大修,回复信件总量就达341页,共计61958字。有了第一次投稿被拒的经历,知道NEJM修回并不代表会被接受,所以直到8月3日接受前,那半年基本都是白天忙完手术门诊,晚上大家一起挑灯夜战,每一个字,每个语气都嚼三遍的节奏。三次修回通过之后,是统计学家对统计结果的评判,在最后这一关也有20%的文章失败。

经过漫长的等待,在2017年8月3日凌晨这个难忘的时刻,我们终于收到NEJM的接收信!

外传

在整个过程中,我们多次感受到了NEJM的严谨和智慧。第一次修回编辑第一条意见就是:你这个试验分组少了一组,即单纯切断瘫痪侧的颈七神经,而不进行移位手术的。这个问题在我们文章发表后有多位国内外同行也提出过。我当时给NEJM的回复是“早在1997华山医院手外科就开展了单纯切断颈八神经治疗脑瘫痉挛手的探索,但结果是术后一月即失去疗效,回到术前水平,所以顾院士在1998年在《中华手外科杂志》发表文章,废弃了这一手术。所以,从遵循伦理的最高原则,我们不设这一对照组。”编辑部认可了我的回复。NEJM的智慧,鼓励创新,不墨守成规由此可见。

另一方面,NEJM也极为严谨。为了验证试验的可靠性,第一次修回后,NEJM副主编Gary Wong教授2017年5月12日专程飞行突击检查,对试验原始资料、参与试验的病人,以及手术的应用情况现场考察,亲自体检术后病人,与病人面对面访谈,了解手术的真实效果。在看完所有的资料,亲自检查过病人后,他对我们十分肯定。第二次修回后,负责我文章的Ropper教授把我们的文章做了极大的改动,力争以最科学也是最能被理解的语言表达出来,让最多的人能看懂受惠。这段时间里,往往对一个句子,一个词要讨论好几回,既符合专业,又能被普通读者看懂。Ropper教授近乎苛刻的严谨给了我极深刻的印象。

另外,从接受到发表前,责任编辑都在对我们文章不断完善,使文章符合NEJM特有的风格,包括NEJM著名的插图。邮件往返的频率以天计,甚至一天数个往返。NEJM的严谨、认真可见一斑。

结局,更是新的开始

临床研究在我国开展得较晚,但是中国医生和科研人员的聪慧、勤劳和传承不断地让世界刮目相看。我们的研究从基础转化应用于临床,实现临床推广,最终又指引基础研究方向,可以作为转化医学和临床科研的典型进行推广,希望对广大同道们有所帮助。

科学研究从不会一帆风顺,坚持走正确的道路,一定会拨云见日。最令我欣慰的是,我们这一新技术通过举办国际性学习班、开展多中心研究、成立专病联盟、吸纳外国进修医生等方式,已在全世界范围推广,造福全世界患者。


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    2019-01-23 wuqianhong99

    成功的背后有巨大的付出!汗水智慧鲜花!

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1748679, encodeId=1cc81e4867900, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=52d15861349' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新英格兰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58613, encryptionId=52d15861349, topicName=新英格兰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db3e36178621, createdName=shalley78, createdTime=Sat Jul 06 02:35:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=359067, encodeId=a46035906e62, content=成功的背后有巨大的付出!汗水智慧鲜花!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/12/6f80f6d18bfb74ecb66b6ced313da725.jpg, createdBy=61d639722, createdName=wuqianhong99, createdTime=Wed Jan 23 22:08:26 CST 2019, time=2019-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1480121, encodeId=f3e9148012125, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=311b58614a5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新英格兰医学杂志#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58614, encryptionId=311b58614a5, topicName=新英格兰医学杂志)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7fec7610558, createdName=ms9476844295372110, createdTime=Tue Jan 15 01:35:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358132, encodeId=d40c358132ab, content=原创很不容易。支持支持。向您们学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqYPFHuMA3bhYQrHvycmum7IJoCsLK0FP6X56Eoj9PZAECDke8zLCKxZZvk9q7B6rZmPuFgN5YCfw/132, createdBy=f52d2514454, createdName=SCI我的梦, createdTime=Mon Jan 14 16:24:41 CST 2019, time=2019-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358127, encodeId=eafc35812efc, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Mon Jan 14 14:20:27 CST 2019, time=2019-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358120, encodeId=163335812043, content=一篇高分杂志的文章背后,都是多少人不懈的努力……受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuMR3WZ1VnSfbWUadIWeyMyS20yXZARSoSoYng9V8Qjz3mK7SsCiazXVErDamlfgtiaWXjP1nv3I2tX/0, createdBy=94ef2037358, createdName=小太阳馒头, createdTime=Mon Jan 14 12:40:36 CST 2019, time=2019-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358034, encodeId=329635803472, content=好文皆不易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=5, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Jan 13 14:35:02 CST 2019, time=2019-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-14 SCI我的梦

    原创很不容易。支持支持。向您们学习。

    0

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    2019-01-14 惠映实验室

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-01-14 小太阳馒头

    一篇高分杂志的文章背后,都是多少人不懈的努力……受教了

    0

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    2019-01-13 lovetcm

    好文皆不易

    0

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疲劳,头痛和吞咽困难15天。 既往,每天服用阿司匹林。 查体发现可以触及双侧颞动脉明显搏动。无发热或头皮压痛,眼科检查正常。 实验室检查显示白细胞14950/mm3,血沉为120 mm/h。 诊断为巨细胞动脉炎。双侧颞动脉活检,并开始激素治疗。

NEJM:POINT试验硬着陆

小卒中或TIA后90天内的缺血性卒中的风险为3-15%。在几项试验中,阿司匹林显示能够降低20%卒中复发风险。氯吡格雷通过P2Y12-受体途径阻断血小板聚集,能够协同阿司匹林的抗血小板聚集作用。在急性冠脉综合症中,阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷比单用阿司匹林能够更加有效地降低缺血事件的风险。

年终盘点:2018年NEJM杂志重磅级突破性研究成果

2018年NEJM杂志发表了很多非常有意义的重磅级研究成果,比如,免疫治疗为三阴性乳腺癌带来新希望,DNA测序可预测一线结核药物的敏感性 …… 今年NEJM上还有哪些亮点研究呢?跟小M一起来看吧! 【1】神药折戟!阿司匹林在糖尿病患者的一级预防中无用阿司匹林在冠心病二级预防中的作用毋容置疑。糖尿病与心血管风险增加有关,但是阿司匹林在糖尿病但无冠心病的患者中使用是否可获益目前还尚不清楚

NEJM:被撤稿还能继续发NEJM

传统地中海饮食的特征为主要摄入橄榄油、水果、坚果、蔬菜和谷物;其次是摄入中等量鱼和家禽;少量摄入乳制品、红肉、处理过的肉类和糖;餐中适量饮用葡萄酒。在观察性队列研究和二级预防试验(the Lyon Diet Heart Study)中,地中海饮食依从性的增加始终与较低的心血管风险有关。系统性综述显示最有可能预防冠心病的饮食模式为地中海饮食。一些小型临床试验揭示了这种饮食模式获益的生物学机制

NEJM主编抨击GSK慢性阻塞性肺病新药Trelegy的临床试验

葛兰素史克(GSK)凭借其慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)新药Trelegy取得巨大的成功,该公司也重新调整了销售和营销业务以便该产品更好的推广。但是,由于著名的新英格兰医学杂志(NEJM)上的一篇新的社论,让Trelegy的营销计划增加了困难。