Int J Antimicrob Ag:抗生素处方增加 UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症发病率也增加!

2018-09-14 吴星 环球医学

2018年8月,英国学者在《Int J Antimicrob Agents》发表一项生态学研究,探讨了初级医疗抗生素处方治疗尿路感染(UTI)、大肠杆菌菌血症发病率和抗生素耐药之间的相关性。

2018年8月,英国学者在《Int J Antimicrob Agents》发表一项生态学研究,探讨了初级医疗抗生素处方治疗尿路感染(UTI)、大肠杆菌菌血症发病率和抗生素耐药之间的相关性。

本研究旨在英格兰成年女性中,量化抗生素处方用于治疗UTIs和UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症的发病率与抗生素敏感性之间的相关性。

使用初级医疗机构水平的汇总数据进行全国生态学研究。研究人群为英格兰所有报告UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症的成年(18+)女性患者(2012~2014)。国家强制监视计划中的菌血症报告与大肠杆菌血液培养敏感性数据(可及的情况下)相对应,使用纵向多水平模型量化其与暴露于甲氧苄氨嘧啶和呋喃妥因的初级医疗之间的相关性。

本研究纳入了来自5916个初级医疗机构的20274名患者。2012~2014年,研究组中的UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症总体发病率未显著改变(增加1.3%,95% CI,0.1%~2.7%,p=0.074)。然而,调整了实践特征后,甲氧苄氨嘧啶和呋喃妥因处方每增加五分之一,UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症发病率分别增加3.0%(p<0.001)和1.5%(p<0.01)。甲氧苄氨嘧啶处方每增加五分之一,甲氧苄氨嘧啶耐药的菌血症发病率增加4.5%(p=0.032),而其与呋喃妥因处方不相关。

本研究证实了全科医疗中处方抗生素治疗UTIs与UTI相关大肠杆菌菌血症发病率之间存在相关性,并表明,较高处方甲氧苄氨嘧啶与较高的甲氧苄氨嘧啶耐药菌血症发病率相关。抗生素耐药可使患者处于随后严重感染的风险。证据表明,为了预防抗生素耐药的发生,在初级医疗机构中谨慎处方抗生素是非常重要的。

原始出处:

Lishman H, Costelloe C, Hopkins S, et.al. Exploring the relationship between primary care antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli bacteraemia incidence and antibiotic resistance: an ecological study. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Aug 23. pii: S0924-8579(18)30239-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.08.013. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2019-02-11 xjy02
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    2018-09-14 医者仁心5538

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