Sci Transl Med:高福院士揭示寨卡病毒治疗性抗体的机制

2017-02-10 MedSci MedSci原创

中科院微生物研究所严景华研究员与高福院士近期合作揭示高效、特异性人源寨卡病毒(zika virus, ZIKV)治疗性抗体及其机制。研发寨卡病毒治疗性抗体方面取得重要进展,率先找到高效、特异性人源寨卡病毒(zika virus, ZIKV)治疗性抗体及其机制,该抗体在小鼠模型上能有效治疗ZIKV感染,有望成为治疗其感染的候选药物。随着研究的深入,ZIKV的危害逐渐被揭示,从最初的发烧、皮疹等轻

中科院微生物研究所严景华研究员与高福院士近期合作揭示高效、特异性人源寨卡病毒(zika virus, ZIKV)治疗性抗体及其机制。

研发寨卡病毒治疗性抗体方面取得重要进展,率先找到高效、特异性人源寨卡病毒(zika virus, ZIKV)治疗性抗体及其机制,该抗体在小鼠模型上能有效治疗ZIKV感染,有望成为治疗其感染的候选药物。

随着研究的深入,ZIKV的危害逐渐被揭示,从最初的发烧、皮疹等轻微症状,到引起新生儿小头症和格林-巴利综合征等神经系统疾病。最近高福院士团队与Michael Diamond教授团队独立研究均揭示,ZIKV在小鼠模型中引起睾丸损伤并最终导致雄性不育。截至目前还没有ZIKV疫苗及药物上市。

ZIKV表面含有E蛋白(Envelope),含有三个不同的结构域(DI, DII和DIII)是负责受体识别与膜融合的重要蛋白,含有产生中和抗体的重要表位。研究团队从一例南美输入病例入手,采集其康复后的血液并分离PBMCs,然后以ZIKV E蛋白为诱饵从PBMCs中分选到33个结合E蛋白的记忆性B细胞,并且鉴定出其中14个B细胞的抗体序列。表达、纯化这些抗体后,进行一系列的功能验证。首先,ELISA、SPR实验证明有13株抗体结合E蛋白,亲和力相差较大 (KD=10-6~10-11M);竞争实验表明13株抗体结合在E蛋白的至少5个不同表位。其次,细胞水平的体外中和实验表明,结合其中3个表位的抗体具有高中和活性(IC50=0.17~1.87 μg/ml);动物水平(小鼠感染模型)的体内功能检测发现三个不同表位的高中和活性抗体(Z20, Z3L1和Z23)分别可以完全保护小鼠。

最后,利用结构生物学手段,阐明三株保护性抗体与E蛋白的结合模式并揭示其作用机制。其中,Z20同时结合E蛋白二聚体中相邻E蛋白的DII,Z3L1主要结合E蛋白二聚体中一个E蛋白的DI以及DI与DII的连接区域,Z23主要结合DIII,同时插入到相邻两个E蛋白二聚体的沟槽中。三株抗体通过结合E蛋白的不同结构域影响膜融合过程中E蛋白构象变化从而影响病毒感染,同时Z23也有可能阻断ZIKV与受体的结合进而阻止ZIKV感染。其中,两株抗体(Z3L1和Z23)特异性阻断ZIKV感染,对于登革热等黄病毒没有交叉反应,有望进一步开发成药物,相关临床前研究正在进行并获得专利保护,为人类防治ZIKV提供了重要的抗体药物支撑。

抗原特异性免疫球蛋白及单克隆抗体在新生突发传染病应急治疗中起着重要作用。SARS、H5N1等康复病人血清可以有效治疗重症患者。然而这种血清依赖于康复者数量,限制其大规模使用。这一研究建立的B细胞单细胞测序技术能够从康复者中快速分离鉴定出抗原特异的中和抗体,并在短时间内达到规模化生产,提供大量的有效的应急抗体。同时通过对感染病人中和抗体产生机制及表位的确立,进一步指导疫苗的设计和研发。这一技术平台的建立对于我国应对新生突发传染病的暴发、保障国民健康及社会稳定具有重要意义。

Qihui Wang, Huabing Yang, Xiaoqing Liu, et al.Molecular determinants of human neutralizing antibodies isolated from a patient infected with Zika virus.Science Translational Medicine.2016 Dec 14.

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    2017-02-11 天涯183

    最新研究进展

    0

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    2017-02-11 Dr.jerry

    不错,学习了

    0

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使用计算机模型预测未来事件的科学家常会被批出错。因此,《科学》杂志近日发文宣布,有一些建模者看起来做了正确的预报:今年5月由气象学家和昆虫学家组成的团队,预报了寨卡病毒最可能出现在美国哪里。 现在,美国本土关于蚊子向人类传播寨卡病毒的仅有案例,发生在佛罗里达州南部和得克萨斯州的布朗斯维尔。这与最好的寨卡病毒传播模型预测结果正相符。而且如果历史重演,当冬天到来,寒冷的天气会

Cell Res:全新发现!寨卡病毒有可能治愈

来自中科院遗传与发育生物学研究所,军事医学科学院等处的研究人员发现含有高滴度中和性抗体的寨卡病人康复期血清,可防治病毒感染胎儿的大脑,预防小头畸形症的发生。这也就是说孕期感染寨卡病毒有望治愈。这一研究成果公布在12月6日的Cell Research杂志上,参与研究的主要为遗传与发育生物学研究所许执恒研究员,军事医学科学院秦成峰研究员等。许执恒研究组的博士后王硕和研究生洪帅为共同第一作者。许执恒研究

Cell Stem Cell:操纵PTEN基因培养出具有表面褶皱的大脑类器官

2017年1月1日/生物谷BIOON/---人类大脑如此独特的一个方面在于大脑皮层的尺寸和结构。但是,是什么促进人类大脑皮层---可能是我们具有独特的智力能力的基础---生长? 在一项新的研究中,来自美国怀特海德研究所的研究人员对一种似乎调节着人类大脑皮层生长、结构和组装的特定基因通路获得新的认识。他们也证实三维人类大脑类器官---微型的实验室培养的特定大脑结构版本---能够有效地为人大脑发育

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当寨卡病毒横空出世时科学家们对其知之甚少,在过去一年里研究者们通过深入研究来阐明寨卡病毒为何会引发一系列危险的健康问题,包括新生儿缺陷等,比如小头畸型和神经性问题(格-巴二氏综合征等),但研究者们并不知道寨卡病毒哪种蛋白会让其变得具有杀伤性,当然他们也不清楚这些蛋白质的作用机理是什么。 近日,一项刊登在国际杂志PNAS上的研究报告中,来自马里兰