Int Endod J:下颌第一磨牙根管治疗,哪种麻醉方案最能止痛?

2022-04-21 sunshine MedSci原创

症状性不可逆牙髓炎(SIP)是一种牙髓的炎症状况,需要进行根管治疗。近日,发表于Int Endod J的一项临床试验研究了四种麻醉方案对下颌第一磨牙SIP根管治疗时疼痛控制的疗效。

症状性不可逆牙髓炎(SIP)是一种牙髓的炎症状况,需要进行根管治疗。近日,发表于Int Endod J的一项临床试验研究了四种麻醉方案对下颌第一磨牙SIP根管治疗时疼痛控制的疗效。

研究人员纳入160名被诊断为SIP的患者,根据所使用的技术,将患者随机分配到四个治疗组(N=40)。第1组(IANB):标准下颌神经阻滞(IANB)注射;第2组(IANB + IO):标准IANB后辅以骨膜下注射(IO);第3组(IANB + PDL):标准IANB后辅以牙周韧带(PDL)注射;第4组(IANB + BI):标准IANB后辅以口腔局部浸润麻醉。当根管治疗过程开始时,即在去龋、根管准备和牙槽骨切除时,使用口头评级表对患者疼痛强度进行评分。每次注射前、注射中和注射后都会记录患者心率的变化。采用卡方检验进行分析麻醉有效率,采用单因素分析年龄差异,采用费舍尔精确检验性别差异,而采用Kruskal-Wallis检验分析心率变化。

 

分析结果显示,在各研究组中没有发现与参与者的年龄或性别有关的疗效差异(P>0.05)。与其他技术相比,IANB + IO注射的疗效明显较高(92.5%)(p < .05),其次是IANB + PDL注射(72.5%),IANB + BI注射(65.0%),IANB + PDL或IANB + BI注射之间没有明显差异(p > .05)。与其他技术相比,单独注射IANB的比例(40%)明显较低(P < .05)。与其他组相比,60%(24/40)接受IANB + IO注射的患者的心率有短暂但明显的上升(p < .05)。

综上所述,该研究结果表明,单纯的下颌神经阻滞注射并不能可靠地实现下颌磨牙的无痛治疗。对于下颌后牙SIP需要紧急根管治疗的患者,使用额外的IO补充注射提供最有效的麻醉。

 

原始出处:

 

Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber, et al., Efficacy of four local anaesthesia protocols for mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized clinical trial. Int Endod J. 2022 Mar;55(3):219-230. doi: 10.1111/iej.13667.  

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    2022-08-18 xlysu
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