Science子刊:新型基因疗法或可有效治疗肌肉萎缩

2016-08-01 佚名 生物谷

一项发表在国际杂志Science Translational Medicine上的研究报告中,来自华盛顿州立大学的研究人员通过研究开发了一种用于治疗肌肉萎缩的新型基因疗法,该研究或可拯救数百万遭受肌肉萎缩疾病患者的生命。研究者Rodgers教授说道,慢性疾病影响着世界超过一半人口的健康,而其中大多数慢性疾病都伴随着患者机体的肌肉萎缩;慢性疾病的发生通常都以慢性感染、肌营养不良症、营养不良或年龄增长

一项发表在国际杂志Science Translational Medicine上的研究报告中,来自华盛顿州立大学的研究人员通过研究开发了一种用于治疗肌肉萎缩的新型基因疗法,该研究或可拯救数百万遭受肌肉萎缩疾病患者的生命。

研究者Rodgers教授说道,慢性疾病影响着世界超过一半人口的健康,而其中大多数慢性疾病都伴随着患者机体的肌肉萎缩;慢性疾病的发生通常都以慢性感染、肌营养不良症、营养不良或年龄增长开始,大约一半死于癌症的人群实际上都会因肌肉萎缩而死亡,而且目前并没有特殊的疗法来治疗肌肉萎缩。

在这项研究中,研究者详细描述了他们如何在健康小鼠机体中构建肌肉组织,并且如何抑制携带肿瘤的小鼠机体中骨骼肌和心脏肌肉的缺失。在恶病质疾病中,肿瘤会分泌出特殊激素来促进肌肉退化,然而实际上机体会“吃掉”自己的肌肉,从而引发虚弱、疲惫等特点。研究者认为,引发很多人死亡的并不是骨骼肌的缺失,而是心肌的缺失,从而导致心脏萎缩进而引发心力衰竭。长期以来研究者一直想寻找特殊方法阻断该过程,但却并未成功过,因为引发肌肉萎缩的激素,尤其是一种名为肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin)的天然激素在机体任何地方都扮演着重要的角色。

如今研究者就需要开发一种仅在肌肉中阻断肌肉生长抑制素的方法,即利用一种腺病毒伴随病毒来特异性地靶向作用心肌和骨骼肌;这种病毒可以将名为Smad7的信号蛋白运输到肌肉细胞中,Smad7蛋白随后就会阻断另外两种名为Smad2和Smad3的信号蛋白,这两种蛋白可以被肌肉生长抑制素和其它肌肉萎缩激素所激活,通过阻断这些信号,Smad7就可以阻断肌肉的萎缩。

研究者Rodgers说道,Smad7是机体的天然防火线,通过抑制抑制子我们就可以重新构建肌肉组织,对于恶病质患者而言,诸如这样的疗法或许就可以大大增加患者的生存率。早在2015年,研究者Rodgers就创建了AAVogen公司,该公司将会开发名为AVGN7的商业化药物,他表示,之所以创建这家公司,目的就在于我们想将科学成果推向社会,并且使其得到实际的应用,如今我们实现了这个目的,并且挽救了很多患者的生命。

原始出处

Catherine E. Winbanks1, Kate T. Murphy2, Bianca C. Bernardo1, Hongwei Qian1, Yingying Liu1, Patricio V. Sepulveda1, Claudia Beyer1, Adam Hagg1, Rachel E. Thomson1, Justin L. Chen1,3, Kelly L. Walton3, Kate L. Loveland4, Julie R. McMullen1,5,6, Buel D. Rodgers7, Craig A. Harrison3,4,6, Gordon S. Lynch2 and Paul Gregorevic1,2,4,8.Smad7 gene delivery prevents muscle wasting associated with cancer cachexia in mice.Science Translational Medicine.2016

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    2016-09-23 chendoc252
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    2016-08-03 jichang
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    2016-08-01 4546wk

    值得研究

    0

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基因疗法:有光明缺“钱”途

镰状细胞性贫血症患者是一系列新基因疗法“瞄准”的对象。图片来源:Kim Hairston 通过修正患者基因发挥作用的药物即将在美国获批,同时一种药物已能在欧洲获取到。这些进展标志着曾被视为具有争议性的基因疗法领域的胜利。 不过,由于每位患者支出的预估费用至少为100万美元,那么人们将如何承担这些疗法带来的花费呢?这只是一场更加广泛的讨论中浮现出的其中一个问题。随

盘点:近期基因疗法前沿性进展抢先看

基因治疗是指将外源正常基因导入靶细胞,以纠正或补偿因基因缺陷或异常引起的疾病,以达到治疗人类疾病的目的。基因疗法的概念最早来自20世纪中期,而且基因疗法被认为是一种革命性的技术,有望治疗几乎任何一种疾病。在新世纪初期,研究者就在一项小规模临床试验中发现逆转录病毒疗法具有一定的临床效力,其可以治疗帮助治疗致死性免疫缺陷障碍的患儿。此前发表在PNAS杂志上的一项研究中,来自麻省总医院的科学家就通过