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常见的感冒药，你用对了吗？

2021-11-22 上海药讯 上海药讯

咳嗽感冒呼吸系感染性疾病
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​进入初冬后，气温由暖变冷，昼夜温差较大，感冒发病率增高。虽然普通感冒大多可以自愈，但正确用药，可以明显减轻并发症状，还能缩短病程。

​进入初冬后，气温由暖变冷，昼夜温差较大，感冒发病率增高。虽然普通感冒大多可以自愈，但正确用药，可以明显减轻并发症状，还能缩短病程。
 
感冒用药的选择，首先得看是什么样的感冒，如果只是普通感冒，治疗原则是对症治疗、缓解感冒症状为主。通常就不需要吃抗生素和抗病毒的药。因为，普通感冒主要由病毒引起的，目前没有什么特效药，只能依靠免疫系统自然清除。
正常情况下，人体自身可以产生抗体， 3～5 天就可以把病毒清除掉。如果感冒过程中没有特别不舒服，可以耐心等着症状消退，适量增加饮水和休息就行。如果觉得症状较重，影响了工作学习，可选择一些对症治疗的药物。
1、发热、肌肉酸痛和头痛等症状：可以选用可选用解热镇痛药，如复方阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚、吲哚美辛、去痛片、布洛芬或一些复方类感冒药。如果发热的话，目前疫情期间不推荐自己处理，要及时前往医院发热门诊进行治疗。
2、鼻塞、流涕和打喷嚏等症状：针对鼻塞可以局部使用缓解鼻黏膜充血水肿的药物，如1%麻黄碱滴鼻。流涕和打喷嚏可选用马来酸氯苯那敏或苯海拉明等抗组胺药。也可选用同时含有上述成分的复方感冒药。
3、咳嗽、有痰：可以选用一些化痰的药。但不推荐吃止咳药，因为咳嗽其实是人体排痰的一种正常生理反应。如果强行用止咳药止咳，可能会导致痰里的病原体感染到肺，形成新的感染。实在咳得厉害，要在医生明确诊断引起咳嗽病因后，然后再针对病因用药。
最后提醒大家，自行服用OTC类药品前一定要仔细阅读药品说明书。如果是儿童用药，用药品种和剂量都有严格的限制，一定要注意看说明书，不确定的情况下要及时看医生。
前面说的主要是针对普通感冒，如果是流行性感冒，除了一般症状，还伴随着腹泻呕吐、高烧不退、浑身酸痛、厌食恶心等严重情况，可能就需要尽快就医，必要的话还需要隔离、卧床休养。

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    2021-12-19 ms7000000483000383

    学习，

    0

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    2021-11-27 moyanju2796

    学习

    0

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    2021-11-24 whmdzju

    #感冒药#

    0

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    2021-11-23 454646258

    👍

    0

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    2021-11-23 查查佳佳

    究人员还分析了健康生活方式的潜在

    0

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