PLoS ONE:治疗口腔癌新方法

2016-05-17 佚名 不详

2016年5月17日讯/生物谷BIOON/研究人员首次确定了口腔癌组织中的一个可靠的标志物(PDGFRβ),可用它来检测肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(肿瘤中的细胞可促进其增长和转移)( CAFs)。有了这个发现,抗PDGFRβ治疗可能很快就会结合现有肿瘤治疗方法从而提供更有效的癌症治疗策略。

该研究结果发表在《PLOS ONE》杂志上,该结果代表了生物标志物发现的一个新策略,结合生物信息学分析基因表达的数据集。

肿瘤相关成纤维细胞已被证明可预测疾病的严重性,但他们的研究一直受到一种难以识别的从组织样本中分离的生物标志物的阻碍。

波士顿大学医学院的研究人员(BUSM)鉴别出一系列胶原蛋白基因,他们期望可将其作为大型肿瘤相关成纤维细胞,即COL1A1 COL1A2 COL3A1。使用来自癌症基因组图谱中数以百计的口腔癌症样本的基因表达数据集,再寻找额外的基因最适于这三种胶原基因的平均表达。

“考虑到已知的肿瘤相关成纤维细胞与某些癌症(其中包括头部和颈部)预后差相关, 这些细胞的生物标志物的识别需要进一步评估其在肿瘤起始和进展中的作用。”Maria Trojanowska解释说。

“这项研究强调了应用于新型生物标志物的复合型转化研究的重要性。“在过去鉴别纤维原细胞生物标记物一直是个难题,鉴别时不得不采取大规模染色分析,而成功率非常小。我们首次展示了利用大型公开数据集是如何帮助优化这些实验的过程。”Stefano Monti博士说。

希望这些发现将有助于加速潜在机制的识别,识别成纤维细胞和肿瘤细胞之间复杂的相互作用,以及发现癌症治疗的目标。

(生物谷Bioon.com)

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Potential Therapeutic Targets for Oral Cancer: ADM, TP53, EGFR, LYN, CTLA4, SKIL, CTGF, CD70

Saurabh Bundela, Anjana Sharma, Prakash S. Bisen

For the first time, researchers have identified a reliable marker (PDGFRβ) to detect carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (cells within the tumor that encourage growth and metastasis) (CAFs) in oral cancer tissues. With this discovery, anti-PDGFRβ treatment could soon be combined with existing tumor treatments to provide a more effective cancer therapy. The findings, which appear in PLOS ONE, represent a new strategy for marker discovery combining bioinformatics analysis of gathered gene expression datasets, along with experimental assays using oral cancer specimens and cell lines. CAFs have been shown to be strongly predictive of disease severity, but their study has been hampered by a difficulty in identifying reliable markers for their isolation from tissue samples. Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) identified a set of collagen genes they expected to be largely CAF-specific, namely COL1A1, COL1A2 and COL3A1. Using a large gene expression dataset from the cancer genome atlas comprising hundreds of oral cancer samples, they then looked for additional genes whose expression best-associated with the average expression of these three collagen genes. In doing so, they identified several markers, including PDGFRβ, which they confirmed to be CAF-specific using immunostaining assays in oral carcinoma specimens. "Given the known association of CAFs with poor prognosis in certain cancers, including those of the head and neck, the identification of robust and reliable markers of these cells is necessary to further assess their role in tumor initiation and progression," explained Maria Trojanowska, PhD, professor of medicine at BUSM.

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