除BRCA1和BRCA2外,乳腺癌遗传易感性还与哪些突变相关?

2017-07-24 MedSci MedSci原创

在德系犹太妇女中,BRCA1和BRCA2的3种突变显着增加了乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险。然而未携带这3种突变的德系犹太妇女乳腺癌患者,携带其他BRCA1或BRCA2致病突变或其他乳腺癌基因的可能性还未可知。这对乳腺癌患者及其家属预防和治疗是可能有很大价值的。

在德系犹太妇女中,BRCA1和BRCA2的3种突变显着增加了乳腺癌卵巢癌的风险。然而未携带这3种突变的德系犹太妇女乳腺癌患者,携带其他BRCA1或BRCA2致病突变或其他乳腺癌基因的可能性还未可知。这对乳腺癌患者及其家属预防和治疗是可能有很大价值的。

近日在JAMA上发表的一篇文章则进行了相关的研究,该研究旨在确定在德系犹太乳腺癌患者中除了BRCA1和BRCA2以外的诱发癌症突变。该队列研究的1007例患者来自12个主要癌症中心第一诊断为浸润性乳腺癌的妇女,且他们自己和4个祖父母都确认为德系犹太人,并参加了1996-2000年的纽约乳腺癌研究组(NYBCS),继而利用靶向复用基因面板BROCA进行基因组DNA测序,检测序列已知的23种乳腺癌候选基因。从2014年7月10日至2017年3月10日进行了数据分析。

在该项研究中的1007例患者中,903例患者并没有BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变;在这些患者中,7例(0.8%)携带有其他BRCA1或BRCA2致病突变,31例携带其他乳腺癌基因的致病突变(29例在CHEK2,在BRIP1和NBN各1例)。在NYBCS所有遗传倾向的乳腺癌中,73.8%(104/142)是由于BACR1或BRCA2等位基因,4.9%(7/142)是由于其他BRCA1或BRCA2突变,21.8%(31/142)是由于其他基因突变。总体而言,14.1%(142/1007)的NYBCS德系犹太乳腺癌患者携带了致病突变:11%(111/1007)在BRCA1或BRCA2基因、3.1%(31/1007)在CHEK2或另一个乳腺癌基因。在BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变的111例患者中,有57例(51.4%)有母亲或姐妹患乳腺癌或卵巢癌,54例(48.6%)没有。

由上述研究可以看出综合测序可以为德系犹太乳腺癌患者提供完整的相关遗传信息。

原始出处:


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    2017-12-24 yige2014
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    2017-07-26 智智灵药
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    2017-07-26 TZF0810

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