新研究:神经电生理检查预测糖尿病神经病理性疼痛药物治疗效果

2022-08-10 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院

这项研究改变了传统以医生经验为主导的药物选择方案,倡导以客观指标为基础。

近日,上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科电生理团队创新性应用了神经电生理检查来预测镇痛药物疗效,为糖尿病性周围神经病(DPN)患者在接受止痛药物治疗前接受速率依赖性衰减(RDD)检测提供了循证医学的证据。相关研究成果已发表于糖尿病研究领域国际权威期刊《Diabetes》(JCR分区Q1区)。

我国是糖尿病大国,而糖尿病最大的危害是慢性并发症,其中,糖尿病性周围神经病(DPN)是最常见的慢性并发症之一。据报道,约10%-15%新诊断的糖尿病患者已经伴有周围神经病变,10年以上病程的患病率可达50%。DPN在临床上以肢体疼痛、感觉减退、麻木、烧灼感等为主要表现,也可表现为自发性疼痛、痛觉过敏,甚至发展为糖尿病足溃疡或需要截肢,导致患者丧失劳动力。

目前,针对DPN的治疗尚未有彻底的解决方法,临床上以γ-氨基丁酸衍生物(如加巴喷丁)为代表的神经镇痛药是缓解DPN疼痛的一线用药。然而,新近研究发现,约有10%的临床研究和指南高估了此类药物对神经病理性疼痛的疗效——这些药物可能仅对20%的DPN患者有效,且目前没有合适的生物标志物来预测药物对个体患者是否有效。

在神经内科电生理团队既往的研究中,研究者通过动物实验证实,电生理中H反射的速率依赖性衰减(RDD)可反映脊髓失抑制主导的神经病理性疼痛,而这正是许多止痛药物的干预靶点。因此,为进一步探索RDD在人群中药物疗效的预测能力,研究者通过前瞻性队列研究,发现RDD损害主要出现在伴有疼痛的DPN患者中,进一步研究显示RDD损害(即提示疼痛是脊髓失抑制主导的)是接受2周加巴喷丁治疗有效的独立获益因素,RDD值每降低1%,其治疗获益增加1.27倍;换言之,RDD损害的患者对镇痛药物疗效更佳。

这项研究改变了传统以医生经验为主导的药物选择方案,倡导以客观指标为基础,这给临床医生为DPN患者制定更加科学的个体化、精准化的治疗模式提供依据。

上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院为第一完成单位,神经内科主治医师周夏俊为第一作者,神经内科主任管阳太为通讯作者。

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    2022-08-12 axin012
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