World J Gastroenterology:直肠癌患者新辅助放化疗与手术间隔的影响

2020-09-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

根据最新的研究报道,直肠癌在我国的发病率和死亡率逐年增加,是中国排名第三的常见癌症。另外,根据中国直肠癌的流行病学调查,局部晚期直肠癌最为常见。

根据最新的研究报道,直肠癌在我国的发病率和死亡率逐年增加,是中国排名第三的常见癌症。另外,根据中国直肠癌的流行病学调查,局部晚期直肠癌最为常见。近年来,随着中国直肠癌发病率的增加和晚期直肠癌的比例越来越高,新辅助放化疗已逐渐成为中国局部晚期直肠癌的标准治疗方案。虽然新辅助放化疗已被证明可以减少晚期直肠癌一定程度的局部复发率,但总生存期(OS)没有显著改善。近年来,一些研究中心还开始探究通过检查术前放化疗后的手术时间间隔增加是否可以进一步提高病理完全缓解率(pCR)和无病生存期(DFS)。因此,本项研究旨在调查新辅助治疗和手术之间的时间间隔对局部晚期直肠癌患者DFS和病理反应的影响。

 

研究人员将2014年11月至2017年8月间在中国医学科学院和北京协和医院国家癌症中心接受手术的总共231例晚期直肠癌并接受新辅助放化疗的患者纳入了本项回顾性队列研究。根据新辅助治疗和手术之间的时间间隔,将患者分为两组:A组(≤9 wk)139(60.2%)名患者,B组(> 9 wk)92(39.2%)名患者。DFS和病理反应被看做是主要终点。次要终点是术后并发症和括约肌保留情况。

 

结果显示:较长时间间隔组(> 9 wk)的总体病理完全缓解率(pCR)为27.2%(n = 25),较短时间间隔组(≤9 wk) 的总体病理完全缓解率(n = 15)(P = 0.001) )。两组之间的术后并发症无差异(A组为5%, B组为5.4%;P= 0.894)。113例(48.9%)患者进行了保留括约肌的手术程序,两组之间无显着差异(A组为52.5%, B组为43.5%;P = 0.179)。pCR率是受时间间隔影响的独立因素(P = 0.009;优势比[OR] = 2.668; 95%CI:1.276-5.578)。Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox回归分析显示,较长的时间间隔(> 9 wk)是DFS的重要独立预后因素(P = 0.032; OR = 2.295; 95%CI:1.074-4.905),但时间间隔为不是整体生存的独立预后因素(P > 0.05)。

 

因此研究人员说道新辅助治疗后更长的手术时间间隔可能会提高pCR率和DFS,但对术后并发症和括约肌保留几乎没有影响。

 

 

Shi-Wen Mei. Et al. Impact of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery in rectal cancer patients. World Journal of Gastroenterology.2020.

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    2021-01-27 许安
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    2020-09-20 yzh399
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