干细胞治疗1型糖尿病:使用间充质干细胞保护胰岛功能

2021-05-21 Allan MedSci原创

胰岛移植是一种针对1型糖尿病的新兴治疗方法,为生理控制血糖和减少急性降血糖发作提供了前景。

胰岛移植是一种针对1型糖尿病的新兴治疗方法,为生理控制血糖和减少急性降血糖发作提供了前景。然而,当前的方案受到在分离过程、培养期和移植后胰岛功能活力的快速下降的限制。大部分归因于低氧和应激因子对β细胞的有害作用。一种改善胰岛功能生存力的实验策略是与间充质干细胞(MSC)共培养或共移植。大量研究表明,MSC具有改善胰岛存活和胰岛素分泌功能的能力。

1型糖尿病(T1D)是一种自身免疫性疾病,其中宿主免疫系统错误地破坏了位于Langerhans胰岛内的β细胞。T1D在20世纪初期发现胰岛素之前是一种致命的代谢性疾病,患有T1D的人仍需每天服用外源性胰岛素才能生存。目前,胰岛移植是外源性β细胞的唯一来源。当前,超过50%的胰岛移植接受者在移植后长达5年的时间里仍保持胰岛素独立性和/或恢复降血糖功能。

但是,得益于这种疗法的T1D患者受到胰岛分离、β细胞功能的过度丧失的限制。受体体内低氧和炎性宿主环境导致在移植后(72小时内)高达60%的移植β细胞丢失。间充质干细胞(MSCs)的再生和抗炎特性已得到研究。最近有许多关于其作为移植佐剂的研究。

MSC是位于大多数组织血管周围位置的多能成年祖细胞。MSC的最低标准包括在标准培养条件下的塑料粘附、特定细胞表面标志物(CD90 + 、CD105 + 、CD73 + 、CD34-、CD31-、CD45-)以及具有体外分化为成骨细胞/脂肪细胞/软骨细胞的能力。MSCs还表现出许多功能特性,这些特性受宿主的影响很大。MSC分泌组包括一系列血管生成生长因子,占全部的8-30%已知的细胞外基质蛋白和抗凋亡因子。这种广泛的功能使MSC成为有吸引力的候选对象,可以在恶劣的移植环境中支持和保护细胞。

在体外暴露于急性低氧(1%-2%O2)或炎性细胞因子(包括IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-8)的胰岛会发生细胞凋亡,并且葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌会迅速下降。胰岛与MSC或与MSC条件培养基的共培养可防止这些有害作用。最近的研究表明,MSC可能通过功能性线粒体的物理转移来支持分泌功能,特别是向代谢受损的β细胞转移。

 

原始出处:

https://stemcellsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sctm.20-0466

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    2021-08-07 baoya
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    2021-05-24 独孤立克

    干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦

    0

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    2021-05-21 weizhaoyang

    保护胰岛细胞

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1750222, encodeId=ad201e50222d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sat Aug 07 01:02:36 CST 2021, time=2021-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1815563, encodeId=8c40181556394, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae359e231d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#间充质干细#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97231, encryptionId=ae359e231d4, topicName=间充质干细)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b632500090, createdName=h.y200607_23674418, createdTime=Thu Dec 02 12:02:36 CST 2021, time=2021-12-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1957998, encodeId=c21e195e99898, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7f278385924' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83859, encryptionId=7f278385924, topicName=胰岛功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Sat Dec 04 07:02:36 CST 2021, time=2021-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1025560, encodeId=e1221025560aa, content=干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=独孤立克, createdTime=Mon May 24 18:02:36 CST 2021, time=2021-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=967608, encodeId=b86596e6085b, content=保护胰岛细胞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c2341433733, createdName=weizhaoyang, createdTime=Fri May 21 21:23:52 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1043611, encodeId=0a64104361149, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri May 21 21:02:36 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-21 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

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