Blood:惰性系统性全身肥大细胞增多症

2019-06-02 QQ MedSci原创

惰性系统性全身肥大细胞增多症(ISM)患者的预期寿命正常;但有5-10%的病例可进展成更严重的SM(advSM),预后显著变差。在髓系肿瘤中经常发现除了KIT以外的基因突变与advSM较差的预后相关,但关于其在ISM中的发生频率及其对预后的影响的信息有限。Javier等研究人员在322位ISM患者中(中位随访5.7年)对18个既往报道在advSM中变异的基因的突变频率和预后影响进行研究,这322位

惰性系统性全身肥大细胞增多症(ISM)患者的预期寿命正常;但有5-10%的病例可进展成更严重的SM(advSM),预后显著变差。在髓系肿瘤中经常发现除了KIT以外的基因突变与advSM较差的预后相关,但关于其在ISM中的发生频率及其对预后的影响的信息有限。

Javier等研究人员在322位ISM患者中(中位随访5.7年)对18个既往报道在advSM中变异的基因的突变频率和预后影响进行研究,这322位ISM患者被分成两个队列:发现队列(200人)和验证队列(122人)。

总体上,在55位(17%)患者中检测出71个遗传突变。突变的ISM病例,特别是携带ASXL1、RUNX1和(或)DNMT3A致病性变异等位基因频率(VAF)≥30%的患者,无进展存活率(PFS)和总体存活率(OS)显著缩短(p<0.001)。

多变量分析显示,血清β2-微球蛋白 2.5μg/mL(风险比[HR] 9.8,p=0.001)、骨髓KIT D816V VAF≥1(HR 10.1,p=0.02),再加上ASXL1、RUNX1和(或)DNMT3A(A/R/D)VAF≥30%(HR 4.2,p=0.02)是独立预测PFS的最佳组合;反过来,A/R/D基因致病性VAF≥30%是OS唯一的独立预测因子(HR 51.8,p=0.001)。

研究人员基于这些变量建立了两个评分系统,用于诊断ISM的风险分层,根据该系统,风险评分0分、1分和2分及以上的患者10年PFS和OS存在明显差异,0分、1分和2分及以上的患者10年PFS分别为100%、91%和0%,0分和1分患者的OS分别是100%和50%。

原始出处:

Javier I Mueoz-González, et al. Frequency and prognostic impact of KIT and other genetic variants in indolent systemic mastocytosis. Blood 2019 :blood.2018886507; doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2018886507

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