Nat Med:烟草控制政策对全球吸烟率的影响

2021-01-25 xiaozeng MedSci原创

烟草对人类健康造成不良影响已有数十年的历史,目前

烟草对人类健康造成不良影响已有数十年的历史,目前烟草仍然是全球过早死亡和致残的主要驱动因素之一。 2017年,吸烟造成了全球710万例的死亡,以及7.3%的总残疾调整生命年。除了对健康的影响之外,生产力下降和医疗保健支出增加所造成的经济损害也是烟草的使用所带来的负面影响。

在过去的二十年中,全球为减少烟草的流行做出了巨大的努力,尤其是2003年世界卫生组织(WHO)于通过《烟草控制框架公约》 (FCTC)之后。2015年,由于认识到烟草使用造成的负担,烟草控制被列入《 2030年可持续发展议程》 的全球发展目标。

2008年和2016年全面无烟、健康警告和广告政策的覆盖水平

在该研究中,研究人员使用了来自175个国家的数据评估了不同水平的烟草控制措施与特定年龄和性别吸烟率之间的关联。研究人员表明,全面的烟草控制政策(包括禁烟令、健康警告,广告禁令和烟草税)可以有效的降低吸烟率。在特定国家/地区同时实施这些政策时,可以看到放大的积极效果。

世界卫生组织政策

研究人员发现,在反事实分析中所有155个国家/地区如果用最严格的标准采用禁烟令、健康警告和广告禁令,并将卷烟价格提高到高于2009年的至少7.73国际美元以上,那么在美国将会减少约1亿烟民。


总而言之,该研究结果揭示了各国迫切需要加快实施一系列强有力的烟草控制措施,以减轻因吸烟所引起的疾病和死亡的负担。


原始出处:

Flor, L.S., Reitsma, M.B., Gupta, V. et al. The effects of tobacco control policies on global smoking prevalence. Nat Med (21 January 2021).

 

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    2021-03-13 liye789132251
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    2021-01-26 bioon3
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    2021-01-26 mnda
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