Lancet子刊(IF=39):惨!暴力更频繁,北京大学乔杰等团队发现超1/3不孕女性在过去一年内遭受过亲密伴侣暴力

2022-08-10 iNature iNature

尽管研究存在异质性,但不孕妇女的 IPV发生率很高。 IPV 筛查、咨询和结构性干预应量身定制,以解决社会多个层面的这一紧迫问题。

不孕症和亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 在全球范围内受到严重关注,但尚未在区域或全球层面量化针对不育妇女的 IPV 流行率。该研究旨在估计 IPV 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 中对不孕妇女的流行情况及其变化。

2022年6月1日,北京大学乔杰及哈佛大学David E. Bloom共同通讯(王媛媛及傅郁为该论文的共同第一作者)在Lancet Global Health(IF=39)在线发表题为“Prevalence of intimate partner violence against infertile women in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis”的研究论文,该研究对 11 个数据库进行了系统文献检索,以查找从数据库开始到 2021 年 9 月 30 日期间发表的文章,并进行了元分析,以估计 IPV 对 LMIC 不孕女性的汇总流行率。在确定的 2661 篇参考文献中(2637 篇通过数据库搜索,24 篇通过二次搜索),审查了 120 篇全文文章,确定了 2000 年至 2019 年间在 9 个 LMIC 中(尼日利亚、埃及、卢旺达、土耳其、伊朗、印度、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和中国9个国家)进行的 30 项相关研究。25 项研究符合荟萃分析的纳入标准,总样本量为 7164 名参与者。

不孕女性的 12 个月 IPV 流行率为 36·0%(95% CI 20·4-55·2),其中:心理暴力为 24·6% (11·3-45·6),身体暴力为11 · 9%(5 · 2-25 · 1),性暴力为8 · 7% (2 · 6-25 · 0),经济胁迫2 · 6%(0 · 4-13 · 7)。不孕女性既往曾经遭受亲密伴侣暴力的总暴力流行率为47.2%(31·7-63·3),其中:心理暴力为51·5% (38·8-64·0)(由于数据来源不同略高于总暴力流行率),身体暴力为20 · 2% (12 · 1-31 · 7),性暴力为11 · 5% (6 · 1-20 · 7),经济胁迫为9 · 8% (5 · 7-16 · 5)。与正常育龄女性相比,不孕女性更易遭受躯体暴力(约2.03倍)和性暴力(约2.55倍)。研究期间 (R2 = 39 · 46%)、地区 (R2 = 50 · 95%) 和测量工具 (R2 = 54 · 27%) 显示了终生发生率估计值的显著变化。

总之,尽管研究存在异质性,但不孕妇女的 IPV发生率很高。IPV 筛查、咨询和结构性干预应量身定制,以解决社会多个层面的这一紧迫问题。

不孕症,定义为在 12 个月或更长时间的定期无保护性交后无法实现临床妊娠,对育龄夫妇的健康和福祉具有重大影响。在全球范围内,由于其定义和人口统计学差异,不孕症的患病率差异很大,从 3% 到 30% 不等。除了将不孕症作为一种病理状况进行治疗方面的医学进步外,还应采取协调一致的行动来解决不孕症对人类福祉的其他方面的影响,其中突出的是对不育妇女的暴力行为。

亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 是对女性最常见的暴力形式,定义为男性亲密伴侣的任何形式的暴力,可以表现为身体、心理或情感或性暴力,也可以表现为经济胁迫和控制行为。世卫组织的最新估计表明,在全球范围内,27% 的 15 至 49 岁的已婚或未婚妇女至少遭受过一次亲密伴侣的身体或性暴力(或两者兼有),而在 12 个月期间的比率为 13%。

大部分来自低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的已发表证据表明,不孕女性遭受IPV 的风险可能高于普通人群,但即使在同一国家内,不同研究的流行率估计也存在很大差异。例如,研究报告了过去 12 个月的流行率如下:尼日利亚 35·9%,伊朗 61·8%,尼泊尔 30·4%,土耳其 15·0-87·8%,中国 10·5-26·9%。一些关于不孕妇女家庭暴力的评论包括 IPV 和其他家庭成员实施的暴力,其中没有一项将 IPV 与家庭暴力区分开来。

过去 12 个月内亲密伴侣暴力的流行率,按暴力亚型划分(图源自Lancet Global Health )

鉴于 IPV 和不孕症都是主要的健康问题,量化针对不孕妇女的 IPV 的幅度和特征对于确定研究重点和实际干预措施是必要的。因此,该研究旨在量化 LMIC 中 IPV 对不孕妇女的流行率,并检查研究之间的差异。本研究的结果将为支持在未来研究和政策中制定优先行动提供证据。

该研究对 11 个数据库进行了系统文献检索,以查找从数据库开始到 2021 年 9 月 30 日期间发表的文章,并进行了元分析,以估计 IPV 对 LMIC 不孕女性的汇总流行率。在确定的 2661 篇参考文献中(2637 篇通过数据库搜索,24 篇通过二次搜索),审查了 120 篇全文文章,确定了 2000 年至 2019 年间在 9 个 LMIC 中(尼日利亚、埃及、卢旺达、土耳其、伊朗、印度、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和中国9个国家)进行的 30 项相关研究。25 项研究符合荟萃分析的纳入标准,总样本量为 7164 名参与者。

按暴力亚型划分的亲密伴侣暴力的终生流行率(图源自Lancet Global Health )

不孕女性的 12 个月 IPV 流行率为 36·0%(95% CI 20·4-55·2),其中:心理暴力为 24·6% (11·3-45·6),身体暴力为11 · 9%(5 · 2-25 · 1),性暴力为8 · 7% (2 · 6-25 · 0),经济胁迫2 · 6%(0 · 4-13 · 7)。不孕女性既往曾经遭受亲密伴侣暴力的总暴力流行率为47.2%(31·7-63·3),其中:心理暴力为51·5% (38·8-64·0)(由于数据来源不同略高于总暴力流行率),身体暴力为20 · 2% (12 · 1-31 · 7),性暴力为11 · 5% (6 · 1-20 · 7),经济胁迫为9 · 8% (5 · 7-16 · 5)。与正常育龄女性相比,不孕女性更易遭受躯体暴力(约2.03倍)和性暴力(约2.55倍)。研究期间 (R2 = 39 · 46%)、地区 (R2 = 50 · 95%) 和测量工具 (R2 = 54 · 27%) 显示了终生发生率估计值的显著变化。

总之,尽管研究存在异质性,但不孕妇女的 IPV发生率很高。 IPV 筛查、咨询和结构性干预应量身定制,以解决社会多个层面的这一紧迫问题。

参考消息:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(22)00098-5/fulltext

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776414, encodeId=a3201e7641404, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d9d33646c8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#北京大学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33646, encryptionId=7d9d33646c8, topicName=北京大学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6cc38925383, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Sun May 07 01:43:23 CST 2023, time=2023-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831631, encodeId=a9b0183163129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 03:43:23 CST 2023, time=2023-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1615874, encodeId=613616158e409, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5882260898d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#伴侣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26089, encryptionId=5882260898d, topicName=伴侣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2b3b19689320, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 02:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1631761, encodeId=22041631e61da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b75b2338044' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乔杰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23380, encryptionId=b75b2338044, topicName=乔杰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29d521815986, createdName=lanyan20020093, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 02:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1238171, encodeId=224f12381e183, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=23e3454e353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#学习#</a>学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45473, encryptionId=23e3454e353, topicName=学习)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29338272806, createdName=ms2000001752510250, createdTime=Thu Aug 11 23:34:18 CST 2022, time=2022-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1244074, encodeId=3db612440e4a0, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Wed Aug 10 14:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-11 ms2000001752510250

    #学习#学习

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776414, encodeId=a3201e7641404, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d9d33646c8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#北京大学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33646, encryptionId=7d9d33646c8, topicName=北京大学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6cc38925383, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Sun May 07 01:43:23 CST 2023, time=2023-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831631, encodeId=a9b0183163129, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 03:43:23 CST 2023, time=2023-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1615874, encodeId=613616158e409, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5882260898d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#伴侣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26089, encryptionId=5882260898d, topicName=伴侣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2b3b19689320, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 02:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1631761, encodeId=22041631e61da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b75b2338044' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乔杰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23380, encryptionId=b75b2338044, topicName=乔杰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29d521815986, createdName=lanyan20020093, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 02:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1238171, encodeId=224f12381e183, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=23e3454e353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#学习#</a>学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45473, encryptionId=23e3454e353, topicName=学习)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29338272806, createdName=ms2000001752510250, createdTime=Thu Aug 11 23:34:18 CST 2022, time=2022-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1244074, encodeId=3db612440e4a0, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Wed Aug 10 14:43:23 CST 2022, time=2022-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-10 younei

    lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时

    0

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