JACC:颠覆!LDL-C为残余胆固醇背了“坏胆固醇”的黑锅?

2021-01-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

残余胆固醇,而非LDL-C或许才是引起ASCVD的罪魁祸首?

根据既往认知,大家都已认定血液中的胆固醇和甘油三酯是血脂管理的重中之重,同时可以预测血管事件(CVD)的发生风险。其中,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)是胆固醇中的一对“死对头”——LDL将脂质带到外周组织中,HDL更多是对胆固醇的反向转运,也就是不断将胆固醇从外周组织运输到肝脏。因此,LDL-胆固醇(LDL-C)一直被认为是“坏胆固醇”。

各种胆固醇的代谢通路

同时,动脉硬化是引发包括心肌梗死和动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(ASCVD)在内急性心血管事件的开端。因此,作为动脉硬化这一病变的核心驱动力——LDL-C是所有指南中一级与二级预防的主要治疗目标。

然而,最近发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》(JACC)上的两项大型研究则激起了大家上述认知的争议:残余胆固醇,而非LDL-C或许才是引起ASCVD的罪魁祸首。残余胆固醇(Remnant-C)被定义为除了LDL-C和HDL-C外,人体内包括VLDL-C与中密度脂蛋白胆固醇(IDL-C)等两种胆固醇的含量。

残余胆固醇的计算方式

 

该研究是西班牙高危一级预防PREDIMED(该研究曾在NEJM上发表论文,证明对于CVD高危人群,地中海饮食辅以特级初榨橄榄油或坚果可以降低严重CVD的发病率)的一部分。纳入的受访者7000名受访者被认为是ASCVD高危人群,被记录了血脂水平。他们的基线平均年龄为67岁,体重指数BMI为30 kg/m2。其中43%为男性;48%为糖尿病患者。在进行中位随访时间为4.8年后,评估主要CVD事件(MACEs)的发生风险。

结果发现,在随访期间,3.8%的受访者出现主要不良CVD。其中,甘油三酯、非HDL-C 、残余胆固醇水平每升高10 mg/dl(分别对应0.11、0.26、0.26 mmol/L),主要CVD(包括心肌梗死、中风、心血管死亡)发生风险分别增加4%、5%、21%。但无论受访者的LDL-C还是HDL-C水平,均与MACEs的发生没有统计学相关性。

同时,当甘油三酯水平>150 mg/dl (1.69 mmol/L)且男士HDL-C水平<40 mg/dl(1.03 mmol/L)或女士HDL-C水平<50 mg/dl(1.29 mmol/L)时,主要不良CVD发生风险增加44%。

但不论LDL-C 水平为多少(≤100 mg/dl或2.59 mmol/L),残余胆固醇≥30mg/dL(0.78mmol/L)为高危界限时,主要不良CVD风险均高于参与胆固醇水平较低者。且残余胆固醇水平每升高10mg/dL,MACEs相对风险升高21%。

为此,研究者认为,如果该研究结果被进一步验证,将是对ASCVD诊断和预防的一大重要颠覆。那么未来,在进行血脂检查的时候,或许还需要将残余胆固醇甚至脂蛋白(a) 、载脂蛋白B等指标进行完善来更好评估与指导CVD预防。

 

参考文献:

 

Castañer O, et al. Remnant Cholesterol, Not LDL Cholesterol, Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Dec 8;76(23):2712-2724. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.008.

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    2021-09-20 hbwxf
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    2021-01-04 zhwj
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854865, encodeId=791018548659c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Mon Sep 20 20:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1253822, encodeId=64dd1253822cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=658d634305b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#残余胆固醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63430, encryptionId=658d634305b, topicName=残余胆固醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326717, encodeId=2b201326e17b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1422598, encodeId=0f47142259845, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58b810e5814' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#LDL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10758, encryptionId=58b810e5814, topicName=LDL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=382c3719677, createdName=zhwj, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913193, encodeId=a8c8913193d9, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Jan 03 01:09:16 CST 2021, time=2021-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913153, encodeId=3a1a913153cc, content=新的发现将导致研究方向发生位移!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 02 21:24:04 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913106, encodeId=ba7e9131064a, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sat Jan 02 17:07:03 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-03 ms5000000518166734

    已读,受益匪浅

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854865, encodeId=791018548659c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Mon Sep 20 20:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1253822, encodeId=64dd1253822cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=658d634305b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#残余胆固醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63430, encryptionId=658d634305b, topicName=残余胆固醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326717, encodeId=2b201326e17b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1422598, encodeId=0f47142259845, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58b810e5814' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#LDL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10758, encryptionId=58b810e5814, topicName=LDL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=382c3719677, createdName=zhwj, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913193, encodeId=a8c8913193d9, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Jan 03 01:09:16 CST 2021, time=2021-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913153, encodeId=3a1a913153cc, content=新的发现将导致研究方向发生位移!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 02 21:24:04 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913106, encodeId=ba7e9131064a, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sat Jan 02 17:07:03 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-02 1def5843m65(暂无匿称)

    新的发现将导致研究方向发生位移!

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854865, encodeId=791018548659c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Mon Sep 20 20:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1253822, encodeId=64dd1253822cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=658d634305b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#残余胆固醇#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63430, encryptionId=658d634305b, topicName=残余胆固醇)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=shuangle, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326717, encodeId=2b201326e17b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1422598, encodeId=0f47142259845, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58b810e5814' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#LDL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10758, encryptionId=58b810e5814, topicName=LDL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=382c3719677, createdName=zhwj, createdTime=Mon Jan 04 04:59:41 CST 2021, time=2021-01-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913193, encodeId=a8c8913193d9, content=已读,受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Jan 03 01:09:16 CST 2021, time=2021-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913153, encodeId=3a1a913153cc, content=新的发现将导致研究方向发生位移!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 02 21:24:04 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=913106, encodeId=ba7e9131064a, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sat Jan 02 17:07:03 CST 2021, time=2021-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-02 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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