BMC Gastroenterology:老年患者住院期间便秘的患病率以及危险因素分析

2022-03-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

老年人便秘主要表现是排便次数减少和排便困难,许多患者的排便次数每周少于2次严重者长达2~4周才排便1次。

      便秘是一种常见的胃肠道疾病,大多数人一生中至少经历过一次便秘。尽管便秘是一种常见的疾病,但老年人便秘的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,而且便秘可导致并发症,如大便嵌塞或失禁、痔疮出现、肠扭转或直肠脱垂等。由于多种疾病以及环境的变化,例如不活动、饮食习惯改变,老年患者住院可能具有挑战性,这会导致排便习惯的改变和便秘的风险增加。先前的研究发现,便秘和泻药的使用与较高的死亡率有关,本项研究的目的是评估老年住院患者便秘的患病率和泻药的使用情况,并调查与人口统计学因素、风险评估和处方药的关系。

 

      本项研究是一项描述性回顾性横断面研究。该研究招募了入住老年科的 65 岁或以上的患者,然后从电子健康记录中提取关于便秘、人口统计、风险评估、医学诊断、处方药和住院时间的数据。便秘是使用 ICD-10 诊断的,同时研究人员还记录了患者的便秘体征和症状以及开具的泻药的情况。

 

      本项研究中总共有 6% 的患者为便秘患者,65% 的患者有便秘的体征和症状,60% 的患者服用了泻药。但是根据 ICD-10、体征和症状以及处方泻药,只有 5% 的患者有便秘记录。便秘的体征和症状与处方阿片类药物(OR = 2.254)和更长的住院时间(OR = 1.063)有关。处方泻药与更长的住院时间(OR = 1.109)、处方阿片类药物(OR = 2.154)和年龄较大(OR = 1.030)相关。

 

      本项研究发现当根据ICD-10诊断时,6%的患者被诊断为便秘,当以分析包括便秘体征和症状在内时,患病率显着增加至 65%。同时研究还发现使用处方泻药的患者的年龄更大,住院时间更长。

 

 

原始出处:

Hanne Konradsen. Et al. Prevalence of constipation and use of laxatives, and association with risk factors among older patients during hospitalization: a cross sectional study. BMC Gastroenterology.2022.

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