BMJ:这几种健康生活方式,可以延长5年寿命,预防阿尔茨海默病

2022-05-13 生物世界 生物世界

这项研究表明,健康的饮食、阅读、定期运动锻炼、不吸烟、限制饮酒这些健康的生活方式,与男性和女性更长的预期寿命有关,并且能够显著减少他们将来患阿尔茨海默病的风险。

近年来,通过改变生活方式来预防阿尔茨海默病引起了相当大的关注,越来越多的证据表明健康的生活方式有助于减缓认知能力下降并可能降低阿尔茨海默病患病风险。此外,健康的生活方式还可能延长预期寿命。

近日,美国拉什大学医学中心的研究人员在《英国医学杂志》(BMJ)发表了题为:Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy with and without Alzheimer’s dementia: population based cohort study 的研究论文。

该研究显示,拥有健康生活方式的65岁及以上人群比没有健康生活方式的同龄人寿命更长,具体来说,健康生活方式让女性寿命延长3.1年,让男性寿命延长5.7年,还能让大脑保持敏锐,显著降低阿尔茨海默病患病风险

图片

在这项研究中,如果参与者进行以下这五种生活习惯中的至少四种,就被认为是健康的生活方式。

坚持 MIND 饮食地中海饮食和 DASH 饮食的结合,多食用绿叶蔬菜、坚果、豆类、全谷类、鱼类和禽类食品,用橄榄油烹饪食品,并限制食用红肉、黄油、奶酪、油炸食品、快餐等食品);

保持阅读、拼图等认知活动

每周至少运动150分钟

不吸烟;

限制饮酒(女性每天不超过15克酒精,男性每天不超过30克酒精);

该研究的第一作者、拉什大学医学中心拉什健康老龄化研究所助理教授 Klodian Dhana 表示,这项研究综合评估了上述生活方式,因为这些生活方式可能对痴呆风险产生协同作用。而拉什大学的研究人员此前就已经证明了 MIND 饮食与更慢的认知衰退和更低的痴呆症风险有关。MIND 饮食强调多食用绿叶蔬菜、坚果、豆类、全谷类、鱼类和禽类食品,用橄榄油烹饪食品,并限制食用红肉、黄油、奶酪、油炸食品、快餐等食品。

这项最新研究是建立在一项仍在进行中的芝加哥健康与老龄化项目(CHAP)的基础上,该项目之前已经证实,坚持健康的生活方式可以将阿尔茨海默病的患病风险降低 60%

这项最新研究显示,对于女性而言,同时具有上述4个或5个健康生活方式的65岁以上女性的剩余预期寿命为24.2年,这比只有0个或1个健康生活方式的65岁以上女性的剩余预期寿命(21.1年)多出3.1年。此外,同时具有上述4个或5个健康生活方式的65岁以上女性在剩余预期寿命中患阿尔茨海默病的风险为10.8%,而只有0个或1个健康生活方式的65岁以上女性则为19.3%。

对于男性而言,同时具有上述4个或5个健康生活方式的65岁以上男性的剩余预期寿命为23.1年,这比只有0个或1个健康生活方式的65岁以上男性的剩余预期寿命(17.4年)多出5.7年。此外,同时具有上述4个或5个健康生活方式的65岁以上男性在剩余预期寿命中患阿尔茨海默病的风险为6.1%,而只有0个或1个健康生活方式的65岁以上男性则为12.0%。

图片

总的来说,这项研究表明,健康的饮食、阅读、定期运动锻炼、不吸烟、限制饮酒这些健康的生活方式,与男性和女性更长的预期寿命有关,并且能够显著减少他们将来患阿尔茨海默病的风险。

论文链接:

https://www.bmj.com/content/377/bmj-2021-068390

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    2022-12-25 gaoxiaoe
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    2022-05-13 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    2

    展开2条回复

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阿尔茨海默病简称AD,目前我国AD患者已经超过1000万,AD前驱期患者数量占65岁以上老人比例超过30%,AD早期防治属国家重大战略需求。上海大学生物医学工程专业蒋皆恢教授团队长期从事AD医学影像研

Neurology:尸检确诊下的痴呆患者关键临床特征轨迹对比:路易体痴呆(DLB)患者认知、功能恶化快于阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者!

近日,有研究人员对AD、AD+DLB、DLB三组尸检确诊病例的生前关键临床特征的轨迹,包括认知、功能和依赖性进行对比。这项纵向研究发现,路易体痴呆患者的认知和功能下降速度比单纯阿尔茨海默病患者更快。

Alzheimers Res Ther:韩璎教授团队发现肠道菌群联合血浆Aβ可作为识别AD临床前期的潜在标记物

近日,由国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(宣武医院)-中国AD临床前期联盟、首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科韩璎教授团队在国际学术期刊Alzheimers Research & Therapy发表题为

European Radiology:QSM和VBM在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断的中的应用

现阶段,已有多项研究报道了关于QSM显示了AD或MCI患者脑实质中磁敏感强度的升高。

Nat Commun:科学家发现阿尔茨海默病的潜在治疗靶点!

该项研究表明,脑脂肪酸代谢将AD基因与下游免疫,突触和功能障碍联系起来,将SCD确定为AD治疗的潜在靶标。

绿谷制药GV-971治疗阿尔茨海默病国际多中心III期临床停止

据Endpoints News报道,绿谷制药的阿尔茨海默病(AD)药物GV-971(甘露特钠胶囊,商品名:九期一)的国际III期临床试验已经停止。其中已有5家临床试验中心证实了该消息。