Hypertension:回顾性队列研究:普通的高血压药物可降低结直肠癌的风险

2020-07-07 转化医学网 转化医学网

结直肠癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,可发生复发和转移。近年来其发病率明显上升,41~65岁的人群发病率较高。结直肠癌在初期的时候并没有非常明显的症状,发展的进程也相对较慢。一旦发展到了中晚期,就会对生

美国心脏协会期刊《高血压》(Hypertension)7月5日发表的一项新研究表明,通常用于治疗高血压的药物也会降低患者患结直肠癌的风险。

血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACE-i)或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂(ARB)的药物被用于治疗如心力衰竭,高血压或心脏病等疾病。这些药物可以抑制或阻断血管紧张素,一种导致动脉狭窄的化学物质。医生通常会给高血压患者开这些药物来放松和舒张血管,从而降低血压。

根据这项大型研究的发现,服用这些药物也可能降低结直肠癌的风险。结直肠癌是第三大常见癌症,也是全球第二大癌症死亡原因。

中国香港大学的临床教授Wai K. Leung博士表示,“ACE抑制剂和ARBs在癌症发展中的作用是有争议的,在某些情况下,研究结果是相互矛盾的。以往的研究结果受到几个因素的限制,包括患者数量少和数据仅在短期随访。我们的研究结果为这些药物在预防结直肠癌方面的潜在作用提供了新的见解。这是第一个显示ACE抑制剂和ARBs对结直肠癌的发展有潜在有益作用的研究,也是基于研究开始时未患结直肠癌的大量患者的研究。”

这是一项全港性的回顾性队列研究,研究人员回顾了2005年至2013年香港187897名成年(大于等于40岁)患者的健康记录,这些患者的结直肠癌基线结肠镜检查均为阴性。排除标准包括结肠镜检查发现的结直肠癌小于6个月,既往结直肠癌,炎症性肠病和结肠切除术。主要结果是结肠镜检查后6至36个月诊断为结直肠癌。

结直肠癌的部位分为近端(脾曲近端)和远端癌。应用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(结肠镜检查前5年内≥180天使用)对23个协变量(包括患者因素、同时用药和内镜中心的绩效)进行倾向评分回归调整,得出结直肠癌的调整后危险比。

在187897例符合条件的患者中,30856例(16.4%)是ACE抑制剂/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂使用者。854例(0.45%)在指数结肠镜检查后6个月至36个月内发生结直肠癌(近端癌:147例(17.2%)。这些药物与指数结肠镜检查后小于3年患结直肠癌的风险较低相关(校正风险比,0.78,0.64-0.96]),但与发生大于3年的结直肠癌风险无关(校正风险比,1.18,0.88-1.57]);药物使用量每增加一年,调整后的危险比风险降低5%。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂与较低的结直肠癌风险相关。分析发现:

·那些服用高血压药物如ACE-i或ARBs的人在接下来的3年里患结肠直肠癌的风险降低了22%;·ACE-i和ARBs的好处见于55岁或以上的患者和有结肠息肉病史的患者;·与药物相关的益处仅限于阴性基线结肠镜检查后的前三年。

Leung表示,“虽然有高血压、心力衰竭和肾脏疾病的患者都服用ACE-i和ARBs,但降低结直肠癌风险可能是医生在选择降压药物时考虑的另一个因素。”

这是一项回顾性研究,回顾服用这些药物的患者是否发展为结直肠癌。研究人员指出,研究结果应通过前瞻性随机对照研究来验证,该研究将积极跟踪患者,以确定这些药物对结直肠癌风险的潜在益处。

原始出处:

Ka Shing Cheung, Esther W. Chan, Wai Kay Seto, et al. ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Are Associated With Lower Colorectal Cancer Risk. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15317.

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    2020-09-01 feather89
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    2020-07-08 lovetcm

    #结直肠癌#降压药可能是减少焦虑,从而提高免疫力,降低肿瘤风险

    0

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在高血压1期青年(根据2017年美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会血压[BP]指南定义)患者中,单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)、单纯舒张期高血压(IDH)或收缩期和舒张期高血压(SDH)的健康预后尚不清楚。

全球高血压患者激增至11亿,越年轻死亡风险越高!

全球高血压人数激增,若将高血压诊断标准前移,可让更多人的血压得到管理。

JAHA:血压升高对冠心病风险的增加存在累积效应

高血压是心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的主要原因。然而,中年血压是否独立于晚年血压影响晚年心血管风险尚不清楚。

Expert Opin Pharmaco:夜间血压高才是真正的高血压!西班牙学者建议:降压药该睡前吃

目前,高血压的诊治几乎完全根据诊室血压,但诊室血压会导致45%的人诊断不当。即使加上家庭自测血压,仍然不能全面反映24小时的血压变化。

JACC:高血压发病年龄与心血管疾病风险的相关性研究

高血压发病年龄与心血管疾病(CVD)及全因死亡率的关系尚不明确。本研究的目的旨在评估高血压的发病年龄与CVD及全因死亡率的相关性。