重磅!2020 ADA糖尿病诊疗标准发布

2020-01-03 医咖会 医咖会

2020版ADA糖尿病诊疗标准终于在《Diabetes Care》期刊上发布啦!需要指南全文的小伙伴,赶紧去《Diabetes Care》的官网下载全文吧:https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/43/Supplement_1挑选了与治疗相关的推荐要点,和大家分享:血糖目标糖化血红蛋白(A1C)测定达到治疗目标(和稳定血糖控制)的患者,每年至少进行两

2020版ADA糖尿病诊疗标准终于在《Diabetes Care》期刊上发布啦!需要指南全文的小伙伴,赶紧去《Diabetes Care》的官网下载全文吧:

https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/43/Supplement_1

挑选了与治疗相关的推荐要点,和大家分享:

血糖目标

糖化血红蛋白(A1C)测定

达到治疗目标(和稳定血糖控制)的患者,每年至少进行两次A1C测定。(E)

治疗方案改变或者血糖未达标的患者,应该每季度都测定A1C。(E)

A1C的即时测定(POCT)为更及时的改变治疗方案提供了机会。(E)

血糖评估

具有可视化提示(如动态葡萄糖曲线[AGP])的标准化单页血糖报告,应被视为所有CGM设备的标准打印输出样本。

血糖在目标范围内的时间(TIR)与微血管并发症的风险相关,是临床试验可接受的终点,可用于血糖控制的评估。此外,时间低于目标(<70和<54 mg/dL[3.9和3.0 mmol/L])和时间高于目标(>180 mg/dL [10.0 mmol/L]是对治疗方案再次评估的有用参数。

糖化血红蛋白(A1C)目标

对于很多非妊娠的成人患者,合理的A1C目标是<7%(53mmol/mol)。(A)

在不引起明显低血糖或其他治疗副作用的情况下,根据医生的判断和患者的偏好,较低的A1C水平(例如<6.5%)是可以接受的。(C)

以下患者可能适合较为宽松的A1C目标(如<8%[64 mmol/mol]):有严重低血糖病史;预期寿命短;有晚期微血管或大血管病的并发症;有广泛共患病;进行了糖尿病自我管理教育、合适的血糖检测、并接受了包括胰岛素在内的多种有效剂量的降糖药物后,仍难以达标的病程较长的糖尿病患者。(B)

基于图6.2的标准,老年人基于表12.1的标准,随着时间重新评估血糖目标。(E)



图6.2  决定最佳A1C目标的患者和疾病因素

低血糖

对于存在低血糖风险的患者,每次就诊时都应该询问症状性和无症状性低血糖的情况。(C)

在服用可能导致低血糖药物的患者中,考虑到患者可能没有意识到低血糖,应调查、筛查并评估未识别的低血糖的风险或是否发生。(C)

清醒的低血糖患者(血糖<70mg/dL[3.9mmol/L]),尽管可接受任何形式的含葡萄糖的碳水化合物,但葡萄糖(15~20g)是治疗首选。治疗15分钟后,如果自我血糖监测(SMBG)显示持续性低血糖,应该重复进行治疗。一旦SMBG显示正常,患者应进餐以预防低血糖复发。(E)

对2级低血糖(血糖<54mg/dL [3.0mmol/L])发生风险增加的患者,应处方胰高血糖素。看护者、学校工作人员和家人应该知道存放地点,何时以及如何使用胰高血糖素。胰高血糖素给药不限于医护专业人员,特别是在自动注射笔中可以使用鼻内和稳定的可溶性胰高血糖素的情况下。(E)

患者如果有未察觉的低血糖症,或出现过至少一次3级低血糖,应该对患者进行避免低血糖的教育或重新评估治疗方案。(E)

对于胰岛素治疗的患者,如有未察觉的低血糖症,出现过一次3级低血糖,或不明原因2级低血糖,应建议放宽血糖目标,至少数周内避免再次发生低血糖,从而部分逆转未察觉的低血糖症,降低未来发生低血糖的风险。(A)

如发现患者认知功能较低或认知功能下降,建议持续评估其认知功能,同时要增加对低血糖的警惕。(B)

糖尿病治疗技术

糖尿病治疗技术的使用应根据患者的需求,愿望,技能水平和设备的适用性进行个性化设置,非营利性网站可以为医务工作者和患者提供建议,以明确各种设备的适用性。(E)

血糖自我监测(SMBG)

大多数使用强化胰岛素治疗方案(每日多次注射胰岛素或者胰岛素泵治疗)的患者,在进餐前,在睡前,偶尔在餐后,在运动前,怀疑有低血糖时,治疗低血糖直到血糖正常后,在开车等关键事件前,都应使用SMBG(或连续血糖监测)来评估血糖水平。(B)

SMBG有可能指导治疗决策和/或不常注射胰岛素患者的自我管理。(B)

尽管使用非胰岛素疗法的患者进行血糖自我监测并未在临床上显示出对A1C的显着降低意义,但在治疗调整计划中,如果改变饮食、体力活动和/或药物(尤其是可引起低血糖的药物)时,SMBG可能会有所帮助。(E)

在让患者采用SMBG时,确保患者接受持续治疗并定期评估技术、结果及其使用SMBG的数据来调整治疗的能力。(E)

医务人员应了解可能影响血糖仪准确性的药物和其他因素,并根据这些因素为患者选择合适的装置。(E)

医务人员应注意血糖仪之间准确性的差异,从正规的地方购买FDA批准过的设备。(E)

连续血糖监测装置

当让患者使用持续血糖监测(CGM)时,需要进行有力的糖尿病教育、培训和支持,以达到最佳的持续血糖监测实施和持续使用。使用CGM设备的人,需要能够进行血糖自我监测,以在读数与症状不符时,能够校准仪器。(E)

如果使用得当,连续性实时葡萄糖监测(RTCGM)与胰岛素治疗相结合,对于未达到血糖目标、有未察觉的低血糖和/或低血糖发作的1型糖尿病成年人,是降低A1C水平和/或减少低血糖状况的有用工具。(A)

如果使用得当,间歇扫描式连续动态血糖监测(ICGM)与胰岛素治疗相结合,对于未达到血糖目标、有未察觉的低血糖和/或低血糖发作的1型糖尿病成年人,是降低A1C水平和/或减少低血糖状况的有用工具。(C)

如果使用得当,连续性实时葡萄糖监测与胰岛素治疗相结合,是血糖未达标的2型糖尿病患者降低A1C或减少低血糖症状的一种有用的工具。(B)

对于患有1型糖尿病的儿童和青少年,无论是使用每日多次注射还是连续皮下胰岛素输注,都应考虑实时连续血糖监测,作为帮助改善血糖控制和降低低血糖风险的额外工具。持续血糖监测的益处与持续使用该装置的依从性相关。(B)

实时连续血糖监测(CGM)设备应尽可能每天使用,以获得最大的益处。间歇扫描CGM设备应经常扫描,至少每8小时扫描一次。(A)

实时连续血糖监测仪或许可以有效地改善1型糖尿病孕妇的A1C水平,葡萄糖在目标范围内的时间(TIR)和新生儿结局。(B)

连续血糖监测数据,与糖尿病自我管理教育、药物剂量调整相结合,可以有效帮助发现和校正1型和2型糖尿病患者的高血糖和低血糖。(E)

胰岛素给药设备

需要胰岛素的糖尿病患者,可使用胰岛素注射器或胰岛素笔来输送胰岛素,同时要考虑患者偏好、胰岛素类型和剂量方案、成本和患者的自我管理能力。(B)

对于存在灵活性问题或视力有障碍的患者,可考虑使用胰岛素笔或胰岛素注射器,方便给予准确的胰岛素剂量。(C)

使用胰岛素的患者应定期检查胰岛素注射/输注部位,至少每年检查一次,查看是否存在与胰岛素输送有关的临床问题。(E)

智能笔可能帮助某些患者规定用药剂量。(E)

FDA批准的胰岛素剂量计算公式/决策支持系统可能有助于滴定胰岛素剂量。(E)

在有适当监督的情况下,可允许住院患者使用胰岛素注射设备。(E)

胰岛素泵

胰岛素泵可能是所有能够安全使用该设备、患1型糖尿病的成人、儿童和青少年的一种选择。(A)

胰岛素泵和传感器系统联合治疗

对于成人和儿童1型糖尿病患者,可以考虑使用自动低血糖暂停的传感器增强泵治疗来预防/减少低血糖发作。(B)

1型糖尿病儿童(B)和成人(A)或可考虑使用自动胰岛素输送系统来改善血糖控制。

个别患者可能正在使用未经FDA批准的血糖监测系统,供应商应提供设备的安全信息/故障排除/备份建议,以保障病人的安全。(E)

2型糖尿病治疗的肥胖管理

评估

患者每年来就诊(或频率更高),应计算BMI并记录在病历中。(E)

基于临床考虑,如是否合并心衰或显着的不明原因体重增加或减少,可能就需要更加频繁地监测和评估体重(B)。如果身体状况的恶化与体重的显着增加或减少有关,住院病人的评估应特别关注是否和药物使用、食物摄入和血糖状况有关。(E)

饮食、锻炼和行为干预

对于准备减重的超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者,按照目标减重≥5%,来设计相应的饮食、锻炼和行为干预措施。减重越多可能对血糖控制、心血管风险因素控制的益处更大。(B)

干预措施应是高强度的(6个月内≥16期),集中在饮食、锻炼和行为干预上,达到每天能量赤字500~750kcal的目标。(A)

在实施减重干预措施时,应评估个人的积极性、生活状况和改变生活方式以实现减重的意愿,以及接受治疗的状况。(C)

饮食计划应该个性化,以满足病人对蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的需求,同时还能促进体重下降。(A)

应该询问减重患者食物的可及性,以及其他可能影响饮食模式的文化环境。(C)

对达到短期减重目标的患者,应该给予长期(≥1年)全面的体重维持计划。这些计划应该提供每月至少一次的交流,鼓励持续监测体重(每周或更频繁),和/或其他自我监测策略;包括进行高强度的锻炼(200~300分钟/周)。(A)

为达到减重>5%的目标,短期(3个月)接受极低卡路里饮食(≤800kcal/d)和全部代餐的干预措施应该谨慎挑选患者,并严格监测。为维持体重减轻,这些计划应该结合长期全面的体重维持咨询。(B)

药物治疗

对超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者选择降糖药物时,应考虑这些药物对体重的作用。(B)

可能的情况下,尽可能减少会增加体重的药物。(E)

对某些BMI≥27kg/m2的2型糖尿病患者,在饮食、锻炼和行为干预的基础上加减肥药,是有效的。减肥药潜在的益处需要超过其潜在风险。(A)

如果3个月后,减肥药减轻的体重<5%,或任何时间出现安全性和耐受性的问题,应该考虑停药,换一种药物或治疗方案。(A)

代谢手术

代谢手术推荐在以下2型糖尿病患者中进行:BMI≥40 kg/m2(亚裔美国人≥37.5 kg/m2);BMI 35.0-39.9 kg/m2(亚裔美国人32.5-37.4 kg/m2)的人群,通过非手术方式仍然无法减重或获得共病(包括高血糖)改善。

BMI 30.0-34.9 kg/m2(亚裔美国人27.5-32.4 kg/m2)的2型糖尿病成人患者,通过合理的非手术方法,没有达到持久的减重和改善共病(包括高血糖),或许可考虑代谢手术。(A)

代谢手术应该在有多学科团队、有治疗糖尿病和肠外科经验的医院中进行。(E)

依据国家和国际学会制定的代谢手术术后管理指南,术后患者应该接受长期的生活方式支持,并定期监测微量营养素和营养水平。(C)

考虑进行代谢手术的患者,应评估是否存在可能影响手术结果的心理状况、社会和情境环境。(B)

接受代谢手术的患者,应该评估其是否需要持续的精神卫生服务,以帮助他们适应手术后的身体和社会心理变化。(C)

降糖药物

1型糖尿病的药物治疗

大多数1型糖尿病患者应该用每日多次注射胰岛素(MDI)(基础和餐时)或连续皮下胰岛素输注方案治疗。(A)

大多数1型糖尿病患者应该使用速效胰岛素类似物,以减少低血糖风险。(A)

对1型糖尿病患者进行教育:如何根据碳水化合物摄入量、餐前血糖水平和预期运动量来调整餐时胰岛素剂量。(C)

2型糖尿病的药物治疗

二甲双胍是2型糖尿病起始治疗的首选药物。(A)

一旦开始使用二甲双胍,只要患者耐受该药且无禁忌症,需要持续使用;其他药物,包括胰岛素,应该是在二甲双胍的基础上添加。(A)

在某些患者中可以考虑早期联合治疗,以避免治疗失败。(A)

对于持续有代谢症状(体重减轻)的患者,如果存在高血糖症状,或A1C >10% (86mmol/mol) 或血糖 ≥ 300mg/dL (16.7mmol/L),考虑早期开始胰岛素治疗。(E)

选择药物时应以患者为中心。要考虑:心血管共病情况,低血糖风险、对体重的作用、潜在副作用、费用、患者意愿。(E)(图9.1)。

图9.1.  2型糖尿病的降糖药物治疗

明确有动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)或高危患者,患有肾病或心力衰竭的2型糖尿病患者,推荐使用有明确心血管益处的SGLT2抑制剂或GLP1受体激动剂作为降糖方案的一部分。(A)(图9.1)

对于需要注射药物来达到更大降糖效果的2型糖尿病患者,可选择时,GLP1受体激动剂优于胰岛素。(B)

治疗没有达标的2型糖尿病患者,不应推迟强化治疗。(B)

定期(每3-6个月)评估药物方案,整合新的患者因素来调整方案。(E)

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (7)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-05 15938038573红旗飘飘

    已学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-05 般若傻瓜
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-05 xxxx1054
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024655, encodeId=dcfd2024655fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c071955e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1955, encryptionId=4c071955e4, topicName=ADA糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri Apr 24 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749209, encodeId=9d781e49209d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42d8e678554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76785, encryptionId=42d8e678554, topicName=糖尿病诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fec336244124, createdName=xzw125, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954765, encodeId=dc011954e6563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=391b91e0533' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诊疗标准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91705, encryptionId=391b91e0533, topicName=诊疗标准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 03 19:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=377802, encodeId=29333e7802c5, content=已学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 07:55:28 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264733, encodeId=aead1264e3328, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549552, encodeId=725e1549552ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 05 02:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042913, encodeId=db081042913a3, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Fri Jan 03 14:43:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-03 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0