Nutrition Prevention&Health:十六年回顾性研究表明,益生菌可缓解抑郁症

2020-07-07 转化医学网 转化医学网

益生菌(Probiotics)是一类对宿主有益的活性微生物,是定植于人体肠道、生殖系统内,能产生确切健康功效从而改善宿主微生态平衡、发挥对肠道有益作用的活性有益微生物的总称。

益生菌(Probiotics)是一类对宿主有益的活性微生物,是定植于人体肠道、生殖系统内,能产生确切健康功效从而改善宿主微生态平衡、发挥对肠道有益作用的活性有益微生物的总称。

大脑和消化道之间存在一种双向关系,称为肠-脑轴。近年来,肠道内细菌的范围和数量可能有助于治疗精神疾病,这已成为人们近年来关注的焦点。

2016-2017年,英国有140万人患有精神健康问题,其中一半以上(53%)患有抑郁症或与压力有关的疾病,而三分之一(33%)患有抑郁症。

事实上,关于益生菌可以作用于情绪的研究不在少数,比如:

16年,来自爱尔兰科克大学学院和加拿大麦克马斯特大学的研究小组就通过动物实验发现,益生菌能缓解焦虑情绪。

中国金锋团队发现,通过纠正环境压力和遗传缺陷两种完全不同异域模型的异常菌群,显着减少大鼠的抑郁样行为表现,从菌-肠-脑轴的多种途径纠正生理异常,达到治疗目的。

17年,丹麦奥胡斯大学一项研究表明,肠道益生菌可以降低抑郁倾向。

荷兰莱顿脑与认知研究所的研究发现,服用益生菌不低于4周能够减少抑郁性沉思。

美国《胃肠病学》杂志上一项研究发现,喝酸奶可以抗抑郁,因为其中的益生菌能够改善情绪。

18年,新西兰研究显示,产妇在妊娠14-16周至婴儿出生后6个月内服用特定益生菌,会降低产后抑郁和焦虑倾向。

这些研究都提供了证据表明,益生菌在预防和治疗抑郁症中拥有巨大潜力。

19年,《Nature》子刊Nature Microbiology杂志发表肠道菌群在人类情绪中的作用,益生菌可预防抑郁症。

近日,《英国医学杂志》(BMJ )子刊Nutrition Prevention&Health上一篇文章表明,单独使用益生菌或联用益生菌进行治疗,可能有助于缓解抑郁症。研究人员搜索了2003年至2019年间以英文发表的相关研究,研究了益生菌在患有抑郁症或焦虑症的成年人中的潜在治疗作用。

研究人员在最初的71项研究中,只有7项符合纳入标准,每项都研究了至少1个益生菌菌株。在选定的研究中,共筛选出12种益生菌菌株,主要是嗜酸乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌和双歧杆菌。一方面着眼于益生菌联合治疗,而另一方面着眼于单独使用益生菌治疗。研究结果显示,在调查的12种不同的益生菌中,有11种可能有用。

这些研究在设计、使用方法和临床考虑方面差异很大,但所有研究都得出结论,单独使用益生菌补充剂与联合服用益生菌补充剂,都可能与抑郁症的明显减少有关。而且每项研究都显示,单独使用益生菌或联合使用益生菌后,焦虑症状或抑郁的生化指标在临床上的变化明显下降或改善。

但还存在局限性:

首先,所有包括的研究都没有持续很长时间,而且每个研究的参与者的人数都很少。这就很难就整体效果得出确切的结论,比如它们是否持久,以及是否会有长时间使用导致的副作用。

第二,益生菌可能有助于减少炎症性化学物质(如细胞因子)的产生,就像炎症性肠病一样。或者它们可能有助于指导色氨酸(在精神疾病中对肠脑轴很重要)的活动。

第三,由于焦虑症和抑郁症对人的影响截然不同,因此他们需要考虑到这些复杂性的治疗方法。通过这种方式,随着对机制更深入的了解,益生菌可能是一个适用于各种情况下有用的工具。

第四,患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人通常还患有其他潜在疾病,如胰岛素分泌受损和肠易激综合症。

总而言之,益生菌对常见精神障碍患者的影响可能是双重的:根据本综述的观察结果,它们可以直接改善抑郁症,或通过减轻并发症,从而对患者的常见精神障碍的经历产生有益地影响。

单纯从这篇综述收集的信息中来看,可以肯定地表明,对于临床上公认的抑郁症患者,单独或联合使用益生菌治疗,都不太可能定量并明显地方式影响个人的病情;并且两者都可能会提供与抑郁症有关的可量化参数改善。但是,没有足够的数据支持或反驳临床共识:抑郁症患者单独或联用益生菌是有确切有效的,这仍需要进一步的研究。

原始出处:

Food & Mood: a review of supplementary prebiotic and probiotic interventions in the treatment of anxiety and depression in adults, DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2019-000053.

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    2020-11-26 lhlxtx
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    2021-05-20 shizhenshan
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    2020-07-08 lovetcm

    #益生菌#益生菌以及w-3都可能会缓解抑郁。

    0

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多少天才是抑郁?!24岁著名围棋国手范蕴若离世

北京时间7月2日下午,一则突如其来的噩耗在围棋圈传开,职业棋手范蕴若八段,于2020年7月2日下午在上海因故去世。

JAMA:PHQ-2单独或联合PHQ-9用于抑郁症诊断的准确性

相比于单独以PHQ-9得分大于10,以PHQ-2得分大于2 且PHQ-9得分大于10作为抑郁症的诊断标准可保证诊断敏感性的同时提供特异性。

Int Clin Psychopharmacol:甲型肉毒杆菌毒素A治疗重度抑郁症的疗效

这项为期24周的双盲安慰剂对照多中心随机2期试验评估了奥纳博特林姆毒素A(onabotA;BOTOX)与安慰剂治疗重度抑郁症(MDD)的疗效和安全性[NCT02116361]。主要终点是Montgom