FASEB J:研究发现,蓝莓中的这种多酚类化合物可改善结肠炎症

2020-10-05 探索菌 生物探索

多酚是人类食用的一种天然产物,很多蔬菜、水果和草药中都含有这种物质。葡萄中含有丰富的多酚类物质。可能在人类的神经、心血管和代谢疾病中发挥治疗作用。

多酚是人类食用的一种天然产物,很多蔬菜、水果和草药中都含有这种物质,例如苹果、葡萄和茶叶。葡萄中含有丰富的多酚类物质,例如白藜芦醇(RSV)。研究表明,RSV可能在人类的神经、血管和代谢疾病中发挥治疗作用。此外,在鼠结肠炎模型中,RSV已显示具有免疫调节活性并能减少炎症。

最近,东京科学大学的研究人员发现,一种在蓝莓中发现的RSV相关多酚——紫檀芪(PSB)(3',5'-二甲氧基白藜芦醇)具有强的免疫抑制特性。它可以为包括炎症性肠病(IBD)在内的慢性炎症疾病提供潜在的治疗选择。相关结果发表于《FASEB JOURNAL》上。

由于机体免疫反应增强引起了慢性炎症,因此患有IBD患者的胃肠道内壁会有持久性溃疡。这与过量的细胞因子产生有关,还涉及到树突状细胞(DC)和T细胞。在免疫反应开始时,DC产生炎性细胞因子并激活T细胞以启动防御反应。这些过程共同形成了导致过度免疫反应的复杂途径。

因此,要找到一种可以抑制免疫系统的有效化合物,对这种免疫细胞群进行测试至关重要。

在这项研究中,科学家首先通过体外共培养系统研究了一系列植物来源的化合物对DC介导的T细胞增殖的影响。他们发现,在所有测试的白藜芦醇衍生物中,PSB对DC介导的T细胞增殖发挥的抑制作用最强。

白藜芦醇衍生物对抗原依赖性T细胞增殖和分化的影响

进一步研究表明,PSB处理可防止T细胞分化为Th1和Th17种群(提高免疫反应的T细胞亚型),同时增加其分化为调节性T细胞(另一种抑制炎症的亚型)的能力。

PSB对抗原非依赖性T细胞增殖和分化的影响

此外,PSB处理还能通过减弱关键转录因子PU.1的DNA结合活性来抑制DC产生炎症性细胞因子。在患有IBD的小鼠中进一步测试时发现,口服PSB可改善IBD症状。更重要的是,PSB更容易被人体吸收,因此,其具有比RSV更高的生物利用度。

PSB对结肠炎小鼠模型的作用

不过蓝莓中的活性成分可不止这一种,花青苷、绿原酸、白藜芦醇以及亚麻油酸等都是蓝莓中的生物活性成分。此外,蓝莓口服后可分布到不同器官,甚至能穿越血脑屏障分布到脑,再加上它在抗氧化、杀菌、以及在糖尿病、高血脂、神经退化等方面的作用,因此被认为是最有营养价值的食物之一。

原始出处:

Takuya Yashiro, Shiori Yura, Akari Tobita, et al.Pterostilbene reduces colonic inflammation by suppressing dendritic cell activation and promoting regulatory T cell development.FASEB J. 2020 Sep 22. doi: 10.1096/fj.202001502R.

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    2021-03-16 gracezdd

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