Radiology:三维深卷积神经网络使HCM心肌瘢痕自动定量成为可能

2021-05-14 shaosai MedSci原创

肥厚性心肌病(HCM)是最常见的遗传性心肌病,是年轻人和运动员心源性猝死的主要原因。心脏MRI的定量晚期钆增强(LGE)是预测HCM患者预后的重要影像学手段。

肥厚性心肌病(HCM)是最常见的遗传性心肌病,是年轻人和运动员心源性猝死的主要原因。心脏MRI的定量晚期钆增强(LGE)是预测HCM患者预后的重要影像学手段。大量研究表明LGE的存在与长期预后相关,LGE在HCM中的定量价值也在多项研究中证明。在HCM患者的临床护理中,稳定且可重复的疤痕量化可以显著提高LGE体积作为预后成像标记的应用。然而,目前临床上定量LGE瘢痕依赖于繁琐和耗时的二维(2D)图像手工分析来识别LGE的区域。此外,读取器、心脏MRI中心和分析核心实验室之间的差异降低了瘢痕定量的可重复性,并阻碍了其临床应用。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究开发并验证了一种基于三维(3D)卷积神经网络的HCM患者LGE瘢痕自动定量方法,为临床便捷、快速的自动量化LGE瘢痕提供了技术支持。

本研究回顾性评估了2001年11月至2011年11月在多中心(n = 7)和多厂商(n = 3) HCM研究中获得的LGE MRI数据。采用基于U-Net架构的深度3D CNN对LGE疤痕进行量化。独立的CNN训练和测试数据集保持4:1的比例。使用Dice相似系数(DSC)、Pearson相关性和Bland-Altman分析,在核心实验室设置下,通过人工疤痕量化评估了每个中心和每个供应商的3D CNN性能。此外,还比较了3D CNN和2D CNN的性能。

本研究包括1073例HCM患者(733名男性;平均年龄49岁±17岁(标准差))。基于CNN的3D量化速度快(0.15秒/张),与人工瘢痕体积量化(r = 0.88, P < .001)和疤痕体积与左室心肌总容积(%LGE)的比值(r = 0.91, P < .001)具有良好的相关性基于CNN的3D量化与人工定量疤痕体积(r = 0.82-0.99, P < .001)和%LGE (r = 0.90-0.97, P < .001)具有强相关性。在识别大瘢痕负担患者(>15%)上,3D CNN的准确率为98%(202/207)(95%置信区间[CI]: 95%,99%)。与3D CNN相比,2D CNN低估了瘢痕体积(r = 0.85, P < .001)和%LGE (r = 0.83, P < .001)。不同厂商3D CNN分割的DSC具有可比性(P = .07),且高于2D CNN (DSC, 0.54±0.26 vs 0.48±0.29;P = .02)。

图1 诊断为肥厚性心肌病的60岁男子的MRI图像。该图显示了所有心脏MRI短轴层面的分割结果。人工(上行)和三维(3D)卷积神经网络(CNN)(下行)分割的心肌(红色)和瘢痕(黄色)轮廓被覆盖在晚期钆增强图像上。本例患者的手工和3D CNN定量瘢痕体积分别为15.3 cm3和12.3 cm3, Dice相似系数为0.77。

 

图2 瘢痕自动分割的评价。瘢痕体积(左栏)和瘢痕体积与左心室心肌总体积之比(右栏)的(a,b)线性回归和(c,d)自动分割与手动分割Bland-Altman图。

综上所述,本文提出的基于三维卷积神经网络(CNN)的MRI晚期钆增强心肌分割可以从多中心图像数据集中快速准确地定量肥厚性心肌病患者的心肌瘢痕。本研究提出的三维量化方法优于二维,并在来自不同供应商的数据集上表现出一致的性能。

原文出处:

Ahmed S Fahmy,Ulf Neisius,Raymond H Chan,et al.Three-dimensional Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Myocardial Scar Quantification in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Multicenter Multivendor Study.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2019190737

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    2021-05-16 仁者大医
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