Hepatology: 高质量的饮食、体育活动和大学教育与美国人群中 NAFLD 的低风险相关

2021-11-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

随着经济的高速发展,生活方式的转变,包括高热量食物和高糖饮料摄入、缺乏运动和体力活动等,非酒精性脂肪性肝病已经成重要社会问题。

在美国,大约三分之一的成年人患有非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD),并且美国的肥胖和2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的患病率也在持续增长。不健康的生活方式,包括不健康的饮食和减少的体育锻炼时间活动 (PA) 与 NAFLD 的风险密切相关。生活方式干预(包括饮食调整和增加 PA)可能对 NAFLD 的治疗有效。最近的流行病学研究强调了饮食模式的重要性,不同的饮食模式已被证明可以降低全因风险死亡率、心血管疾病、癌症和T2DM。除了饮食干预外,美国身体活动指南也建议成年人至少进行 150 分钟的中等强度有氧运动或 75 分钟的剧烈强度的PA。目前,饮食质量 (DQ)、体力活动 (PA) 和社会经济地位 (SES) 对非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 风险的影响尚不清楚。因此,本项研究旨在探究饮食质量 (DQ)、PA、SES 和 NAFLD 风险之间的关联。

 

研究人员将2017-2018年间的接受全国健康和营养检查调查的患者纳入本项研究,总共有3589名参与者,研究人员对他们的肝脏瞬态弹性成像 (VCTE) 、24小时饮食内容、PA 和 SES 的互数据进行了收集。DQ由健康饮食指数 (HEI)-2015 评估。PA由全球体育活动问卷确定。SES 通过教育程度和家庭贫困收入比 (PIR) 进行评估。NAFLD 的风险是通过使用 VCTE 测量的复合结果来考虑的。

 

研究结果显示:与没有体育活动的患者(<600 MET 分钟/周)相比,积极运动的(≥600 MET 分钟/周)的患者患 NAFLD 风险较低(OR:0.71,P=0.043)。与非HQD相比,高质量饮食 (HQD) (HEI>56.64) 与较低的 NAFLD 风险相关(OR:0.58,P<0.01)。在 HQD 体力活动者中观察到的 NAFLD 风险最低(OR:0.43,P<0.01)。体重指数 (BMI) 和腰围 (WC) 显着介导了 DQ 和 PA 对 NAFLD 风险的影响。教育水平(大学或以上)与 NAFLD 风险降低相关(OR:0.65,P=0.034)。教育对 DQ 介导的 NAFLD 风险的总影响为 29%。

 

因此,本项研究证实提高饮食质量、并增加体育锻炼和努力提高教育水平与美国人群中较低的 NAFLD 风险相关。这也就侧面告诉我们改善生活方式与健康的水平息息相关。

原始出处:

Eduardo Vilar-Gomez. Et al. High quality diet, physical activity and college education are associated with low risk of NAFLD among the U.S. population.Hepatology.2021.

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    2022-02-25 lvygwyt2781
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    2021-12-02 ms3000001828657100

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    2021-12-01 gwc384

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