BMJ子刊:1型糖尿病患者脂肪肥厚的表征如何,又该怎样对这种肥厚程度进行评估?

2021-12-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

胰岛素相关的组织改变在本质上是异质性的,包括脂肪肥大和更广泛的真皮和皮下组织变化。

脂质肥厚是胰岛素治疗的常见并发症。尽管脂肪肥大的流行及其对血糖的调节有潜在危险影响,但它在糖尿病中仍然是一个相对未被研究的问题。本研究的目的是利用超声对1型糖尿病成人患者的肥厚脂肪组织进行表征。

本观察性研究纳入伦敦东南部糖尿病中心74名1型糖尿病患者。参与者胰岛素暴露区域用高频线性探头(6-13 MHz)进行超声扫描。根据结节大小和真皮层厚度对观察到的组织变化进行描述、测量和分级。

参与者的平均年龄和糖尿病持续时间分别为40.6(14.2)和18.3(10.9)岁,60%(n=44)为男性。共观察到740个脂肪增生结节,宽度从1.8毫米到40毫米不等。每个参与者的平均结节数为10.4。在所有当前注射部位,真皮层之间的界限均被破坏。

脂肪肥大的分级特征

在52名受试者(70%)中,与局部未注射组织相比,真皮厚度增加了30%,而在36名受试者(48%)中,真皮厚度增加了50%。22名(40%)受试者腹部和8名(17.8%)受试者大腿的厚度水平均>3mm。在22名(30%)参与者的脂肪增生结节内观察到提示坏死组织的低回声区域。针长度和结节深度相关(r=0.69,p<0.001)。研究还建立了观察到的胰岛素暴露组织变化的概念模型。

脂肪肥大的概念模型

这项研究表明,胰岛素相关的组织改变在本质上是异质性的,包括脂肪肥大和更广泛的真皮和皮下组织变化。研究者利用这些观察结果建立了一个概念模块,还开发了一种用于评估组织变化的超声分级工具,以指导未来的研究和临床理解。然而,现在有必要建立胰岛素介导的组织变化和临床结果之间的相互作用,以评估这些变化可能阻碍血糖控制和血糖调节的程度。

参考文献:Hashem R, Mulnier H, Abu Ghazaleh H, et al Characteristics and morphology of lipohypertrophic lesions in adults with type 1 diabetes with ultrasound screening: an exploratory observational study BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e002553. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002553

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