Nat Commun:COVID-19的爆发和干预措施对中国和美国流感的影响 

2021-06-02 haibei MedSci原创

美国呼吸道标本中的流感阳性率从2020年1月20日至2020年3月13日期间的>20%下降到2020年3月22日当周的2.3%,并在4月5日之后保持在历史上较低的季节间水平。

随着新冠在全世界的迅速传播,由于其临床严重性和易传播性,已经造成了巨大的健康和社会经济损失。由于没有现成的、有效的药物来对付这种新出现的病毒,各国采取了非药物干预措施(NPIs)来遏制或减缓SARS-CoV-2的传播。这些措施包括社会疏导和限制个人行动(例如,取消群众集会,关闭公共娱乐场所,关闭学校,限制国内和国际旅行,以及发布呆在家里的命令);使用个人保护(例如,戴口罩,实行良好的手部卫生和呼吸道礼仪);以及社会动员(例如,宣传、教育和风险沟通)。人们可能采取了更加卫生的生活方式来避免COVID-19感染

2020年1月23日,武汉市被 "封锁",急剧减少进出交通。此后不久,中国大陆所有省份都启动了一级(最高级)应急响应,并采取了严格的NPIs--特别是城市间的交通管制,佩戴口罩,并发布呆在家里的命令。到2020年4月,仅凭NPIs就控制了COVID-19疫情,并阻止了SARS-CoV-2在中国大陆的持续本地传播。

在美国,在2020年3月13日发布国家紧急声明后,各州政府使用NPIs来减少COVID-19的传播。到4月1日,美国的四个大都会地区--西雅图、旧金山、纽约市和新奥尔良--在实施COVID-19缓解措施后,新出现的COVID-19病例大幅减少。

流感和COVID-19具有相似的临床症状和传播途径。美国和中国通过敏感的、基于实验室的监测系统对流感活动进行了仔细监测。在中国大多数省份和美国,2019-2020年冬春季节的流感实验室检测阳性率急剧下降。例如,美国呼吸道标本中的流感阳性率从2020年1月20日至2020年3月13日期间的>20%下降到2020年3月22日当周的2.3%,并在4月5日之后保持在历史上较低的季节间水平。相比之下,在2011-2019年期间的八个流感季节的相同流行周,流感活动一直维持在中等或高水平。

因此,人们推测,缓解新冠传播的非药物干预措施(NPIs)和行为变化可能影响了流感和其他呼吸道疾病的传播动态。通过将截至2020年3月29日的2019-2020年季节性流感活动与2011-2019年季节活动进行比较,研究人员发现,COVID-19的爆发和相关的NPIs可能使中国南部和北部以及美国的流感分别减少了79.2%(下限和上限:48.8%-87.2%)、79.4%(44.9%-87.4%)和67.2%(11.5%-80.5%)。

2019-2020年观察到的季节性流感情况和利用2011-2019年历史数据预测的水平

流感病毒感染的减少也与NPIs的时间有关。如果没有COVID-19 NPIs,中国和美国的流感活动在2019-2020年的季节可能会保持高位。

因此,该研究结果提供了证据,证明NPIs可以部分缓解季节性流感,并有可能缓解大流行性流感

 

原始出处:

Luzhao Feng et al. Impact of COVID-19 outbreaks and interventions on influenza in China and the United States. Nature Communications (2021). 

 

 

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    2021-07-29 liye789132251
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    2021-08-10 liuli5079
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    2021-08-10 ms3000000488901208

    防护隔离措施

    0

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    2021-06-02 smart Ren

    认真学习

    0

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