Intens Care Med:重症患者腹泻情况

2022-05-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

重症监护患者腹泻很常见,并有几个预测因素,促进患者治疗调整;此外,腹泻与较长的出院时间有关,但与死亡率无关。

重病期间报告的腹泻发生率为2-95%。近日,危重病医学领域权威杂志Intensive Care Medicine上发表了一篇研究文章,该研究旨在明确重症监护病房(ICU)住院期间腹泻的发生率、预测因素和结局。

该前瞻性队列纳入了国际上12个重症监护病房(ICU)连续就诊的成人。研究人员探讨的结局包括:(1)腹泻发生率,(2)艰难梭状芽胞杆菌相关腹泻(CDAD);(3)腹泻患者ICU及住院时间(LOS)及死亡率。研究人员拟合广义线性模型来评估与腹泻相关的预测因素、治疗、发病率和死亡率。

1109例患者年龄为61.4(17.5)岁,其中内科981例(88.5%),机械通气645例(58.2%)。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的定义,发病率为73.8%(818例患者,73.8%,95%置信区间为71.1-76.6)。不同定义的发病率不同(Bristol定义为53.5%,95%CI为50.4-56.7;Bliss定义为37.7%,95%可信区间为34.9-40.4)。

99例接受CDAD检测的腹泻患者中,23例呈阳性(发生率为2.2%,95%CI为1.5-3.4)。独立预测因子包括肠内营养(RR为1.23, 95%CI为 1.16-1.31, p < 0.001)、抗生素天数(RR为1.02, 95%CI为1.02-1.03, p<0.001)和栓剂(RR为1.14, 95%CI为1.06-1.22, p<0.001)。阿片类药物可降低腹泻风险(RR为0.76, 95%CI为0.68-0.86, p<0.001)。腹泻导致治疗调整(肠内营养或药物改变:RR为10.25, 95%CI为5.14-20.45, p<0.001)或其他结局(粪便管理装置或CDAD检测:RR为6.16, 95%CI为3.4-11.17, p<0.001)。腹泻与离开ICU或住院时间较长相关,但与医院死亡率无关。

由此可见,重症监护患者腹泻很常见,并有几个预测因素,促进患者治疗调整;此外,腹泻与较长的出院时间有关,但与死亡率无关。

原始出处:

Joanna C. Dionne.et al.Diarrhea during critical illness: a multicenter cohort study.Intensive Care Medicine.2022.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00134-022-06663-8

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