周爱萍教授团队与沈琳教授团队携手为胆道肿瘤研究再添靶免联合治疗新证据

2022-05-16 消化界 网络

安罗替尼联合TQB2450取得了令人鼓舞的PFS和OS。

2022年5月1日,国家癌症中心/中国医学科学院肿瘤医院周爱萍教授、北京大学肿瘤医院沈琳教授作为共同通讯作者于Hepatology(IF=17.4)在线发表题为“Phase Ib study of anlotinib combined with TQB2450 in pretreated advanced biliary tract cancer and biomarker analysis”的研究论文。安罗替尼联合TQB2450(新型PD-L1抑制剂)二线治疗晚期胆道系统肿瘤(BTC),中位无进展生存时间(PFS)为6.24个月,中位总生存期(OS)达15.77个月,为BTC的二线治疗提供了有潜在应用价值的新策略,同时发现了有望用于指导临床治疗的潜在分子标志物。

该研究对同期分别在两个中心开展的两项Ib 期临床试验(TQB2450-Ib-05 和 TQB2450-Ib-08 试验)进行了汇总分析,共纳入66名一线化疗后出现进展的晚期BTC患者(包括2例不适合或拒绝接受一线化疗的患者),采用安罗替尼联合TQB2450(新型PD-L1抑制剂)治疗,显示出良好的疗效和耐受性。根据RECISIT 1.1标准,2例患者达到完全缓解(CR),12例患者达到部分缓解(PR),客观缓解率为21.21%,疾病控制率为72.73%,临床获益率(CBR:定义为达到CR,PR或疾病稳定≥24周的患者)为42.42%。

中位随访时间为19.68个月,中位PFS和OS分别为6.24(95% CI: 4.11-8.25)和15.77(95% CI: 10.74-19.71)个月(图1)。本研究中安罗替尼联合TQB2450显示出优于其他TKI+ICIs组合方案,且具有良好的安全性,≥3级治疗相关不良事件(AE)发生率为25.76%,常见为天冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高(7.58%)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(6.06%)和高血压(6.06%)。

 

图1. 所有患者的(A)PFS及(B)OS的Kaplan-Meier曲线

多数BTC患者迄今缺乏有效的二线治疗手段。Meta分析表明二线化疗的有效率为7.7%,PFS和OS仅为3.2和7.2月。抗血管生成的靶向药物如瑞戈非尼和阿帕替尼等疗效有限,OS仅为5.3和4.81个月。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)单药治疗在非选择性的患者中疗效差异较大,有效率为3%~13%,OS为5.2~7.4 月,尚未获得一致性认可的临床疗效。而针对FGFR、IDH1、Her2、BRAF V600E等靶点的精准靶向治疗只能使一小部分携带特定基因改变的患者获益。

因此,晚期胆道肿瘤迫切需要新的二线治疗策略。ICIs联合抗血管生成治疗在多种实体瘤中的成功应用提示该方案可能是晚期胆道肿瘤潜在的治疗策略。本研究结果表明,安罗替尼联合TQB2450取得了令人鼓舞的PFS和OS,为这一类难治性肿瘤的二线治疗提供了新的思路,值得进一步开展更大规模的临床研究。

研究同时进行了深入的生物标志物分析,以确定潜在的疗效预测因子,为精准治疗和优势人群筛选提供指导和借鉴。研究发现,肿瘤突变负荷高(TMB,≥5 个突变/Mbp)的患者具有更好的CBR(70.8% vs. 22.2%,P=0.004)、更长的OS(14.32 vs. 9.64个月,P=0.009)和更长PFS的趋势(7.03 vs. 4.06 个月,,P= 0.059)(图2)。KRAS突变患者的CBR更低(12.5% vs. 58.8%, P=0.045),PFS更短(2.02 vs. 6.80个月,P<0.001),OS也较短(10.53 vs. 13.13个月,P=0.038)(图3)。研究还发现其他的分子变异可能与联合治疗的疗效或预后相关,包括ARID1A,ARID1B和FGF/FGFR。以上分子标志物值得进一步深入研究。

图2. (A) TMB≥5与TMB<5患者PFS的Kaplan-Meier曲线;(B) TMB≥5与TMB<5患者OS的Kaplan-Meier曲线

 

图3. (A) KRAS突变与KRAS野生型患者PFS的Kaplan-Meier曲线;(B) KRAS突变与KRAS野生型患者OS的Kaplan-Meier曲线

 

北京大学肿瘤医院周军教授和中国医学科学院肿瘤医院孙永琨教授是文章的共同第一作者。

 

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    2023-02-24 ms2000000182667314

    学习了

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    2022-05-17 gs.dingxb

    厉害

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    2022-05-16 ms3000000418881520

    厉害👍

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