A&R:B细胞数预测接受利妥昔单抗治疗的患者接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后的体液和细胞反应

2022-06-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在接受利妥昔单抗(RTX)治疗的患者中,外周循环中每微升至少10个B细胞是SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后极有可能产生适当细胞和体液反应的候选生物标志物。

目的:接受利妥昔单抗(RTX)治疗的自身免疫性炎症性风湿病患者感染COVID-19预后不佳的风险较高,并且对抗SARS-CoV-2疫苗的体液免疫反应显著受损。然而,抗原特异性 B细胞和T细胞之间的复杂关系以及实现抗疫苗反应所需的B细胞再增殖水平仍然很大程度上未知。

方法:在19名接受RTX治疗的类风湿性关节炎(RA)或抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体相关性血管炎患者、12名接受其他治疗的RA患者和30名健康对照中研究了mRNA或基于载体的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后对疫苗的抗体反应和诱导的抗原特异性B细胞和CD4/CD8 T细胞亚群。

结果:在SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后,RTX治疗的患者似乎需要在外周循环中每微升至少 10个B细胞(0.4%的淋巴细胞)将血清转化为抗刺突蛋白S1 IgG。缺乏IgG血清转换的RTX治疗患者与RTX治疗的实现IgG血清转化的患者相比,受体结合域阳性B细胞减少(P=0.0005),Tfh样细胞百分比较低(P=0.0481),以及活化的CD4细胞(P=0.0036)和CD8 T细胞均较少 (P=0.0308)。功能相关的B细胞耗竭导致刺突蛋白特异性CD4 T细胞分泌干扰素-γ受损(P=0.0112,r=0.5342)。相反,在RA患者和RTX治疗的患者中,抗原特异性CD8 T细胞减少,与IgG形成无关。

结论:在接受RTX治疗的患者中,外周循环中每微升至少10个B细胞是SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后极有可能产生适当细胞和体液反应的候选生物标志物。从机制上讲,这些数据强调了共刺激B细胞功能对于正确诱导CD4反应传播疫苗特异性B细胞和浆细胞分化的关键作用。

出处:Stefanski, A.-L., Rincon-Arevalo, H., Schrezenmeier, E., et al. (2022), B Cell Numbers Predict Humoral and Cellular Response Upon SARS–CoV-2 Vaccination Among Patients Treated With Rituximab. Arthritis Rheumatol, 74: 934-947. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.42060

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    2023-02-01 hukaixun
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    2022-06-12 小刀医生
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    2022-06-10 医鸣惊人

    认真学习了

    0

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