BMC Public Health:津巴布韦风疹情况(2007-2011)

2015-05-10 MedSci MedSci原创

风疹是由风疹病毒(RV)引起的急性出疹性传染疾病,临床上以前驱期短、低热、皮疹和耳后、枕部淋巴结肿大为特征。一般病情较轻,病程短,预后良好。但是孕妇感染风疹病毒会对妊娠影响巨大,导致各种各样不良妊娠结局的发生,如胎死宫内、新生儿先天性风疹综合症等,因此风疹是具有公共卫生意义的疾病之一。孕妇诊断为风疹病毒感染对妊娠的影响之巨大,而接种风疹疫苗不仅仅是控制这种疾病最经济有效的方法,而且还可以避免该病毒

风疹是由风疹病毒(RV)引起的急性出疹性传染疾病,临床上以前驱期短、低热、皮疹和耳后、枕部淋巴结肿大为特征。一般病情较轻,病程短,预后良好。但是孕妇感染风疹病毒会对妊娠影响巨大,导致各种各样不良妊娠结局的发生,如胎死宫内、新生儿先天性风疹综合症等,因此风疹是具有公共卫生意义的疾病之一。孕妇诊断为风疹病毒感染对妊娠的影响之巨大,而接种风疹疫苗不仅仅是控制这种疾病最经济有效的方法,而且还可以避免该病毒带来的长期不良影响,同时可以避免因新生儿先天性风疹综合症而需要的经济压力等,对于妊娠结局更是可以降低胎死宫内等并发症。

尽管国家的扩大免疫计划(EPI)中缺乏风疹疫苗,但是津巴布韦根据世界卫生组织的建议,在引入风疹疫苗前,建立了一个监测系统估计该地区风疹病毒感染情况/风疹疾病负担,并于1999年开始监测评估风疹病毒感染情况。

Chimhuya S等人根据津巴布韦2007-2011年间(5年)麻疹、风疹监测系统情况,进行该项研究分析以描述该地区风疹病毒感染的趋势以及人群分布特征。

研究分析数据来自于2007-2011年间津巴布韦国家麻疹实验室,研究者们对年龄、性别、籍贯、季节以及血清风疹病毒IgM抗体等进行数据分析。

在2007-2011年间,津巴布韦的所有行政区域,实验室共收集3428个疑似麻疹病例的血清样本,其中51%为男性,余下49%为女性。对2999份检测麻疹病毒IgM抗体,只有697 (23.2%)检测结果为阳性,对余下2302份麻疹病毒IgM抗体阴性血清进行风疹病毒IgM抗体检测发现865 (37.6%)的检测结果为阳性,提示风疹病毒感染。并且风疹确诊病例中有98%的比例为年龄小于15岁的孩子。同时研究者发现风疹病毒感染更易发生在干燥季节。

使用津巴布韦国家监测系统得出的数据分析表明了风疹在该地区的疾病负担和发病趋势,这些数据也支持了将风疹疫苗纳入国家免疫规划项目中。

原始出处:

Chimhuya S, Manangazira P, Mukaratirwa A, et al. Trends of rubella incidence during a 5-year period of case based surveillance in Zimbabwe. BMC Public Health. 2015. 15: 294.

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    2016-04-05 shizhenshan
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    2015-05-13 huaxipanxing

    看看

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    2015-05-12 sunyl14
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    2015-05-11 lovejing

    隐性感染人群情况情况?

    0

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