J Gastroenterology:老年人行胆囊切除术预后不良风险较高

2022-04-18 xuyihan MedSci原创

胆囊切除术是胆道外科常用的手术。分顺行性(由胆囊管开始)切除和逆行性(由胆囊底部开始)切除两种。

腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC) 是几乎所有有症状的胆囊结石患者的金标准外科手术。东京胆囊手术指南 2018 (TG18) 建议即使对于 III 级急性胆囊炎 (AC) 患者也应采用 LC进行治疗。TG18 还建议对高危 AC 患者进行经皮经肝胆囊引流,然而,在 TG 18 中,没有基于年龄的手术适应症标准。胆囊结石的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加,到 70 岁时影响 33% 的人群,到 90 岁时影响高达 80%的患者。除了年龄较大是胆囊结石发病率的独立危险因素外,这些患者通常比年轻患者有更多的伴随全身合并症,然而,仅凭年龄来判断是否值得避免胆囊切除术仍然存在争议。因此,在为患有症状性胆囊结石的老年患者选择最佳治疗策略时需要考虑多方面的因素,本项研究旨在探究老年人胆囊切除术的临床结果。

在这项回顾性研究中,研究人员分析了日本诊断程序组合数据库中 2018 年至 2020 年在 1060 家医院接受过胆囊切除术的 96620 名患者的数据。患者分为五个年龄组:< 75、75-79、80-84、85-89 和≥ 90 岁。通过逻辑回归分析调查术后结果与年龄组之间的关系。还比较了年龄组在术后恢复时间和成本方面的平均差异。

 

研究结果显示老年患者的日常生活活动和术前合并症评分较差。与最年轻的年龄组(<75 岁)相比,不同年龄段的老年人(分别在 75–79、80–84、85–89和≥90 岁)住院死亡率的优势比分别为 3.00(95%CI,1.74-5.19)、7.54(4.73-12.01)、13.47(8.21-22.14)和 27.64(15.56–49.09)(p < 0.001)。此外,随着年龄的增长,术后住院时间和术后并发症、术后再插管和全身麻醉再次手术的发生率显着增加,≥90岁年龄组发生率最高。

图:老年人行胆囊切除术预后的危险因素

 

本项研究通过真实世界数据强调了接受胆囊切除术的老年患者术后结局更差,包括死亡率更高。在考虑此类患者的手术适应症时应谨慎。

原始出处 :

Yasuhisa Mori. Et al. Evaluation of cholecystectomy in older individuals using real-world data: a multilevel analysis based on a nationwide administrative database in Japan.Journal of Gastroenterology .2022.

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    2022-07-06 许安
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