国家药监局优先审评审批,新一代国产肺癌创新药上市

2020-05-10 陈斯斯 澎湃新闻

新一代国产肺癌创新药“阿美替尼”正式上市。

新一代国产肺癌创新药“阿美替尼”正式上市。

5月10日,澎湃新闻记者从设立在上海浦东张江的豪森药业研发中心获悉上述消息。该药物化学全名为甲磺酸阿美替尼片,商品名为阿美乐。

当日,“阿美乐”上市会在上海举行,意味着这一药品在经过国家药监局审批上市后,正式走向市场。这一国产创新药的诞生,也是国家新药创制专项支持下产出的具有代表性的重大创新成果。

阿美替尼是由豪森药业自主研发的全球第二个,也是国内首个三代EGFR-TKI创新药,用于治疗EGFR T790M突变阳性的经治局部晚期或转移性非小细胞肺癌。阿美替尼不仅为患者带来强效、安全、可及的新型选择和直接的临床获益,同时也填补了中国在该疾病领域的用药空白,减轻国内患者对进口药的依赖,可为更多晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者带来长期、高质量生存的希望。

从立项到获批上市,阿美替尼历经6年时间。

2014年10月,这一药物研发就已经立项,2016年4月拿到美国FDA批件,2017年2月拿到国家药品监督管理局以及台湾食品药物管理局批件后,于2017年5月正式开展I期临床研究,并于2018年5月开展II期临床试验。而后,于2019年4月进行新药上市许可申请,一个月后即被国家药品监督管理局纳入优先审评审批。

与此同时,2019年,阿美替尼临床研究也获得国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项立项支持。

“肺癌是发病率和死亡率增长最快的恶性肿瘤之一,位列中国癌症发病率、死亡率第一位。中国每年新发肺癌70万,其中40万是晚期肺癌患者。”这一药物临床试验的负责人、上海胸科医院肿瘤科主任陆舜介绍,在中国患者中,有超过40%是EGFR基因突变的非小细胞肺癌患者,该类患者目前主要使用第一、二代EGFR抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)类靶向药物治疗,较传统化疗优势明显,但1-2年后会出现耐药和疾病进展,其中超过半数由T790M突变所导致。而临床上,根据耐药后基因改变,要选择新的治疗,但新的药物少、治疗难度大,成为国际性难题。

经过两年时间,在陆舜的领衔下,这项临床研究取得显着进展,并在2019年底迎接了国家药监局的新药上市评估。

该项药物研究显示,对EGFR一代或二代药物产生耐药的晚期肺癌患者,如果其基因检测中显示EGFR T790M有阳性突变,阿美替尼能带来非常良好的疗效。它的客观缓解率(ORR)达68.9%,疾病控制率(DCR)达93.4%,中位无进展生存期(mPFS)达12.3个月,也是全球首个中位无进展生存期(mPFS)超过1年(二线使用)的三代EGFR-TKI。

陆舜表示,与目前临床上使用的进口三代药物相比,阿美替尼的毒副反应更小、不良事件更少,在耐药性和安全性上都有着优异表现。

此外,针对一代靶向药对脑转移效果较差的问题,阿美替尼交出的答卷令人欣喜。研究证实,阿美替尼能突破血脑屏障,有效抑制脑部病灶,对脑转移的非小细胞肺癌患者的有效缓解率达61.5%。

陆舜认为,国产阿美替尼的临床研究对于中国新药研发具有里程碑式的意义。这一药物的上市得益于政府对加速创新药物审评审批的支持,受到中国患者急迫需求的驱动。

“阿美替尼的研究进程,打破了跨国技术一枝独秀的局面,中国本土药物临床研发团队也走上了国际化的道路。”陆舜进一步表示,“今后,中国常见的EGFR突变的晚期肺癌患者,将不再面临绝境,有了延长生存期、获得更好生活质量的希望。”

陆舜说,随着这一药物的上市,中国将会有15-20万晚期肺癌患者从这一创新药中获益。

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    2020-05-12 xuyu
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上海4月15日电 (记者 陈静)肿瘤是影响上海民众健康的主要慢性疾病之一 。上海市卫健委15日披露的最新数据显示,上海目前有癌症现患病人45万,患病率达到3%。癌症是此间民众第二位死因。

OPEN BIO:癌症进化研究或可催生抗癌新疗法

以改变癌细胞进化的微环境为基础研发抗癌新疗法,极有可能兼具可行性与有效性。

Science:单个细胞分裂错误可能触发一系列具癌症特征的突变

导言:癌症基因组可以包含数百个染色体重排。传统观点认为,它们在许多代中都会发生小规模的变化,但是许多癌症中的大量重排表明,这些基因组实际上可能会通过产生基因组突变的不连续片段而快速进化。