Alzheimer's & Dementia:血浆NfL与痴呆症的关系:HABLE研究结果

2021-07-27 haibei MedSci原创

研究人员对多民族健康和拉丁裔老人脑部老化研究(HABLE)中的890名墨西哥裔美国人和813名非西班牙裔白人的基线数据进行分析,并在Simoa平台上测量了血浆NfL。

尽管脑脊液(CSF)和正电子发射断层扫描(PET)生物标志物可能将成为检测阿尔茨海默病(AD)的最终诊断工具,但我们仍然迫切需要一种具有成本效益的、无创的、多层次的方法来确定谁应该和不应该接受这些昂贵和更具侵入性的检测。

最近,研究人员提出,一个多层次的神经诊断过程可以满足这些需求,并且已经有证据表明,基于血液的生物标志物谱可以成为检测AD、轻度认知障碍(MCI)、帕金森病、路易体痴呆以及唐氏综合征成人中的AD和MCI的准确的第一步。

随着AD的诊断框架转向AT(N),除了淀粉样蛋白β(A)和tau(T)之外,越来越多的工作开始关注神经退行性生物标志物(N)的效用。近年来,一个更有趣的神经退行性生物标志物是神经丝轻链(NfL),这是一种细胞骨架蛋白,在大口径的有髓轴突中表达,可以作为轴突损伤的结果释放到细胞外液。

尽管NfL可以在整个生命期被检测到,但由于许多研究显示,NfL水平的增加与AD的诊断状态有关,它作为AD的潜在生物标志物受到了很大的关注。最近的一项荟萃分析发现,血液和脑脊液中的NfL水平有很好的相关性(r = 0.59)。与认知正常的老年人相比,在失忆性轻度认知障碍(amnestic mild cognitive impairment,aMCI)患者中,血浆中的NfL被发现是升高的,在磁共振成像(MRI)测量的海马体积和中颞回以及左下回的总灰质体积较低的人中,血浆中的NfL是升高的。

最近人们还发现,在非痴呆的老年人中,CSF或血浆NfL与任何神经影像或认知指标之间没有横断面联系。然而,较高的基线血浆NfL与更大的皮质变薄和MRI各向异性的扩散减少有关,表明随着时间的推移,微结构的完整性丧失。血浆NfL的变化也与整体认知、注意力和淀粉样蛋白PET水平的变化有关

目前还没有在不同人群中对神经丝轻链(NfL)进行大规模的特征研究。最近,研究人员对多民族健康和拉丁裔老人脑部老化研究(HABLE)中的890名墨西哥裔美国人和813名非西班牙裔白人的基线数据进行分析,并在Simoa平台上测量了血浆NfL。

按种族划分的医疗co-morbidity指数的NfLl水平

在未经调整的模型中,NfL与年龄(P < .001)、高血压(P < .001)、血脂异常(P = .02)和糖尿病(P < .001)显著相关。在有数据的子集中,考虑到年龄和性别,NfL与神经变性(P < .001)和整体淀粉样蛋白负担水平(P = .02)有关。此外,NfL水平还与诊断组显著相关(正常认知[NC]、轻度认知障碍[MCI]、痴呆;P < .001)。然而,该研究并没有产生可接受的诊断准确性的切割分数。NfL水平对检测淀粉样蛋白阳性的敏感性为0.60,特异性为0.78,负预测值为89%。

因此,血浆NfL水平受年龄和老年人常见疾病的影响很大,这使其作为诊断性生物标志物的效用变得复杂。

 

原始出处:

Sid O'Bryant et al. Characterizing plasma NfL in a community-dwelling multi-ethnic cohort: Results from the HABLE study. Alzheimer's & Dementia (2021). 

 

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    2021-08-20 Boyinsh
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    2021-07-29 xiaoyeshuang
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    2021-07-27 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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图片摘自:www.entwellbeing.com.au肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)是一种破坏运动神经细胞的进行性疾病,患者通常会慢慢失去控制肌肉运动的能力,最终无法开口讲话、吃饭、移动或者呼吸;同时研究者还在某种特定类型的痴呆症中也发现了隐藏在肌萎缩侧索硬化症背后的细胞机制。近日刊登在Nature Medicine杂志上的一项研究报告中,来自美国凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserv

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由此可见,嗅觉受损预示认知能力下降速度加快,可能表明老年痴呆症患者的大脑神经退行性变。