JAMA Ophthalmology:女性激素治疗与视网膜血管阻塞的关系

2020-11-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

尽管许多形式的口服避孕药和女性激素治疗被认为是血栓栓塞的危险因素,但这些激素似乎并不像它们在身体其他部位那样影响眼睛。

口服避孕药与血管疾病、缺血性中风、静脉血栓栓塞性疾病和乳腺癌有关。视网膜血管闭塞与心脑血管疾病具有相同的危险因素。那么服用女性激素治疗(FHT)处方是否会增加视网膜动脉阻塞(RAO)或视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)的风险?近日,JAMA Ophthalmology杂志上发表了一项名为Association of Retinal Vascular Occlusion With Women Filling a Prescription for Female Hormone Therapy的研究,在这项队列研究中,超过205000名女性服用FHT处方,结果发现没有证据表明RAO或RVO风险增加。

女性激素治疗包括育龄妇女口服避孕药和绝经后妇女激素治疗。研究表明,女性激素治疗可增加心血管、静脉血栓栓塞、肺栓塞和中风等风险。鉴于视网膜血管闭塞与心脑血管疾病存在相似的危险因素,因此有理由怀疑FHT可能倾向于视网膜血管闭塞。

研究比较了服用FHT处方的女性与匹配的对照个体。排除入组时间少于2年、既往无眼科检查、有RAO/RVO病史、有影响雌激素水平的系统性疾病/药物治疗、或与血栓栓塞风险增加相关的疾病的患者。主要结果是RAO或RVO新诊断的发生率。采用与治疗权重成反比的Cox比例风险回归模型评估RAO或RVO相对于FHT处方的新诊断风险比(HR)。根据年龄、种族/民族、糖尿病和高血压进行亚分析。

共有205304名服用FHT处方的女性与755462名对照个体相匹配。通过治疗体重的逆概率计算,研究队列的平均年龄为47.2岁,71%为白人,7%为黑人,6%为西班牙裔,3%为亚洲人,3%为未知年龄。FHT队列中有41例(0.01%)RAO和68例RVO(0.02%)。相比之下,在对照组中有373例RAO(0.05%)和617例RVO(0.08%)。经过治疗权重的反概率后,Cox回归分析显示,与对照组相比,FHT队列中RAO、RVO或联合结局的危险系数没有差异。以年龄、糖尿病和高血压分层的亚分析同样显示,FHT处方队列与所有结果之间没有显著相关性。

经IPTW加权后的RAO、RVO和RAO/RVO的Cox回归结果

所有视网膜动脉闭塞(RAO)、视网膜静脉闭塞(RVO)及合并病例的Kaplan-Meier曲线

总之,迄今为止,许多病例报告已将口服雌激素与RVO或RAO的发展联系起来。然而,除了1998年的一项研究外,还没有大型队列研究发表过这一课题。早期的研究(在1980年之前发表)是基于使用含有80或100μg雌激素的第二代口服避孕药。第三代口服避孕药在美国使用最为频繁,其雌激素含量仅为30或35μg。低剂量的OCPs似乎与增加脑血管疾病的风险没有太大关联。

在这项研究中,没有任何证据表明服用FHT会增加RAO或RVO的风险,括按年龄、糖尿病和高血压分层的分析。因此,FHT的使用历史可能与评估视网膜动脉或视网膜静脉阻塞的个体无关。该研究结果也不支持对出现RAO或RVO的患者考虑停止FHT。尽管许多形式的口服避孕药和女性激素治疗被认为是血栓栓塞的危险因素,但这些激素似乎并不像它们在身体其他部位那样影响眼睛。

参考文献:Association of Retinal Vascular Occlusion With Women Filling a Prescription for Female Hormone Therapy. JAMA Ophthalmol. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.4884

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    2021-04-12 tomyang96
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    2020-11-25 我叫小明

    药物性血栓闭塞

    0

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likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ecfc5432957, createdName=夜落晨, createdTime=Mon Nov 16 09:51:34 CST 2020, time=2020-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899457, encodeId=721289945e4a, content=口服<a href='/topic/show?id=42f995263d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#避孕药#</a>和女性<a href='/topic/show?id=4a9e66832e7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#激素替代治疗#</a>被认为是<a href='/topic/show?id=b7fc89083ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血栓#</a>栓塞的危险因素,但是不影响视网膜?机理?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95263, encryptionId=42f995263d2, topicName=避孕药), TopicDto(id=66832, encryptionId=4a9e66832e7, topicName=激素替代治疗), TopicDto(id=89083, encryptionId=b7fc89083ad, topicName=血栓)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon Nov 16 08:27:10 CST 2020, time=2020-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899454, encodeId=5d60899454d6, content=血栓栓塞与药物关系?作用机制, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6d005416790, createdName=ms4000000561534892, createdTime=Mon Nov 16 08:19:24 CST 2020, time=2020-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-17 zutt
  4. 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  5. 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  6. 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  7. 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    2020-11-16 馒头55

    👍👍👍

    0

  8. 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    2020-11-16 夜落晨

    👍👍

    0

  9. 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    2020-11-16 lovetcm

    口服#避孕药#和女性#激素替代治疗#被认为是#血栓#栓塞的危险因素,但是不影响视网膜?机理?

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    2020-11-16 ms4000000561534892

    血栓栓塞与药物关系?作用机制

    0

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