WHO证实新冠新变体Deltacron存在,由Delta和Omicron重组而来

2022-03-14 网络 网络

目前已经获批上市的新冠疫苗都是针对新冠原始毒株的,这导致突变株能够在已接种疫苗的人群中造成突破性感染,但好在到目前为止,新冠疫苗仍能很好地保护人们免受重症、住院和死亡威胁。

202217日,塞浦路斯大学的病毒学家 Leondios Kostrikis 宣布发现了一些同时具有 Delta  Omicron 突变特征的新冠病毒新型突变株,并将其命名为:Deltacron。经过报道后,该消息很快引起国际广泛关注。因为 Delta 突变株致病性高,而 Omicron 突变株传播性强,很多人担心这种新型突变株会同时具有高致病性和高传播性。

但许多研究人员认为,所谓的 Deltacron 很可能并不存在,上述发现很可能只是实验室样本污染的结果。然而,最新研究表明,这可能并不是样本污染,而是实际存在的。

近日,法国巴斯德研究所的一个研究团队在预印本 medRxiv 发表了题为:Culture and identification of a “Deltamicron” SARS-CoV-2 in a three cases cluster in southern France 的研究论文。

该研究在法国南部的新冠患者中发现存在同时具有 Delta  Omicron 突变特征的新冠病毒株,并指出有确凿证据表明存在 Delta-Omicron 重组新冠病毒

目前,该新突变株已经在法国、荷兰和丹麦等国家发现,世界卫生组织(WHO)也证实了这一由 Delta Omicron 重组而来的新冠突变株的存在。

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Delta  Omicron 是当前全世界范围内最主要的新冠流行株,这就导致一些人同时感染了这两种突变,当它们在同一个宿主细胞中相遇时,就可能发生重组,即遗传物质的相互交换,从而产生新的重组病毒。这两种突变株在欧洲和美国正在以不受控制的方式爆发式增长,所以欧洲率先出现 Deltacron 重组突变株也在意料之中。这次发现的 Deltacron 重组突变株就包括了来自 Delta GK/AY.4 Omicron GRA/BA.1 谱系的结构。

每当新的新冠突变株出现后,有几大问题最值得关注:首先是它是否更容易传播;其次是它是否会导致更严重的症状;第三是它是否更容易逃逸之前的疫苗接种或自然免疫;第四是抗体药物或其他抗新冠药物是否还有效。

然而,由于目前病例还很少,因此科学家们对这种新突变株知之甚少,这几个问题目前也还没有答案。

世界卫生组织COVID-19技术负责人 Maria Van Kerkhove 博士在新闻发布会上表示,新冠目前仍在全世界快速传播,新冠大流行还远未结束。现在确实观察到了 Deltacron 的存在,而且该突变株可能会进一步传播。

Deltacron 这个名字是临时名称,由于病例太少,世界卫生组织也没有将其归类为担忧变体(variant of concern),若后续被归类到担忧变体,WHO将给它一个使用希腊字母命名的正式名称。

自新冠大流行以来,新冠突变株不断出现,由于目前已经获批上市的新冠疫苗都是针对新冠原始毒株的,这导致突变株能够在已接种疫苗的人群中造成突破性感染,但好在到目前为止,新冠疫苗仍能很好地保护人们免受重症、住院和死亡威胁。因此,接种疫苗仍是对抗新冠的有力手段。

论文链接:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.03.03.22271812v1.full

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    2023-01-03 ligang4448
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    2022-03-16 10518094zz

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