Cell Report:新型佐剂增强肿瘤疫苗反应,提高阻断PD-1/PD-L1疗法成功率

2017-05-31 MedSci MedSci原创

这一研究表明,ARNAX佐剂+肿瘤抗原能够诱导外周血的抗原递呈细胞更好的将肿瘤抗原递呈给特异性的细胞毒性T细胞引发其增殖和进入肿瘤组织,支持ARNAX在人类肿瘤疫苗免疫治疗中作为佐剂,增强抗PD-1/PD-L1疗法的成功率。

肿瘤细胞能够通过分泌配体PD-L1蛋白结合负责在机体内进行免疫监察杀死癌细胞的T细胞上的PD1受体,从而诱导T细胞失活和程序化凋亡以促进肿瘤细胞的生存。因此阻断PD-1与PD-L1之间的相互结合能有效缓解黑色素瘤。但在,在已经进行的其他临床观察中,仅有20%的实体瘤类型的患者对于阻断PD1-PD-L1的疗法有。已知对于这类免疫疗法,在肿瘤组织中细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T  lymphocytes, CTL)的存在及其浸润的程度是治疗功效的先决条件。此外肿瘤在机体内生长和分化过程中,会发生突变并且产生特异的肿瘤相关抗原(tumor associated antigen)。因此,如何使用特定的肿瘤相关抗原,引起强效的特定的细胞毒性T细胞渗透入肿瘤组织,为PD-1/PD-L1阻断治疗提供有利的先决条件成为现在免疫治疗的重点研究方向。

一般机体内的抗原是通过树突细胞(dendritic cells)递呈给T细胞的,如何促进树突细胞将肿瘤抗原递呈给T细胞一直是各个研究机构试图优化T细胞治疗肿瘤的疗法的目的之一。在最新上线的Cell Report杂志中,Yohei Takeda及其同事报道了他们开发了一种基于结合树突细胞上的TLR3受体的RNA佐剂(adjuvant)“ARNAX”,从而增强了细胞毒性T细胞识别肿瘤抗原的能力,达到了更好的治疗效果。

树突细胞内的TLR3受体是机体天然免疫(innate immunity)重要的一部分,其作用是侦测细胞内是否出现了因为感染和细胞受损而产生的双链RNA结构,从而引起免疫反应。研究人员发现他们的ARNAX佐剂能够特异性的结合和通过TLR3受体,引起在脾脏和淋巴系统中的免疫细胞分泌对抗肿瘤的伽马干扰素(IFN-gamma),但是通过皮下注射和静脉注射这一佐剂并不引起全身性的系统性的炎症反应,证明这一佐剂的安全性。

通过与这一佐剂联合注射肿瘤抗原能够引起更强的T细胞反应,表现为更多的细胞毒性T细胞和NK细胞浸润入肿瘤组织。结合阻断PD-1 / PD-L1疗法同时进行,发现在小鼠黑色素瘤中流模型下,小鼠的生存率更高,肿瘤的大小更小,甚至缩小。在原本的肿瘤组织的T细胞也开始表现出更多的Th1型T细胞的表型,表现为更多的抗肿瘤细胞激素比如Gzmb,Ifng等基因的上调。

总之这一研究表明,ARNAX佐剂+肿瘤抗原能够诱导外周血的抗原递呈细胞更好的将肿瘤抗原递呈给特异性的细胞毒性T细胞引发其增殖和进入肿瘤组织,支持ARNAX在人类肿瘤疫苗免疫治疗中作为佐剂,增强抗PD-1/PD-L1疗法的成功率。

原始出处:
Takeda et al., A TLR3-Specific Adjuvant Relieves Innate Resistance to PD-L1 Blockade without Cytokine Toxicity in Tumor Vaccine Immunotherapy. Cell Reports 19, 1874–1887 May 30, 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.015

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  4. 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  5. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204737, encodeId=e1b8204e37fe, content=学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhb9xDeHojCicsdRdyC3XXdGk2ib9yLypZuHN06WeW4HO8WN0GGrgEfvnTX8gsckof05GHOU5OM4Mvx/0, createdBy=9cee1982656, createdName=执着追梦, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:56:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-27 维他命
  6. 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  7. 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content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习了,把经验应用于实践,为患者解除病痛。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 07:00:08 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204765, encodeId=2765204e658f, content=学习过了,值得分享!期待更多更好的文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed May 31 09:43:26 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204737, encodeId=e1b8204e37fe, content=学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhb9xDeHojCicsdRdyC3XXdGk2ib9yLypZuHN06WeW4HO8WN0GGrgEfvnTX8gsckof05GHOU5OM4Mvx/0, createdBy=9cee1982656, createdName=执着追梦, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:56:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-01 smartjoy
  8. 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content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习了,把经验应用于实践,为患者解除病痛。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 07:00:08 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204765, encodeId=2765204e658f, content=学习过了,值得分享!期待更多更好的文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed May 31 09:43:26 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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    2017-06-01 ylzr123

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习了,把经验应用于实践,为患者解除病痛。

    0

  9. 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content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习了,把经验应用于实践,为患者解除病痛。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 07:00:08 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204765, encodeId=2765204e658f, content=学习过了,值得分享!期待更多更好的文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Wed May 31 09:43:26 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204737, encodeId=e1b8204e37fe, content=学习,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhb9xDeHojCicsdRdyC3XXdGk2ib9yLypZuHN06WeW4HO8WN0GGrgEfvnTX8gsckof05GHOU5OM4Mvx/0, createdBy=9cee1982656, createdName=执着追梦, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:56:11 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 明天会更好!

    学习过了,值得分享!期待更多更好的文章!

    0

  10. 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    2017-05-31 执着追梦

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