Am J Obstet Gynecol:低剂量阿司匹林:健康女性预防早产的新选择?

2018-11-20 林巧楠 环球医学

早产是围产期致死和致残的首要原因之一。临床数据表明,低剂量阿司匹林可降低总体早产率,但是研究者推测,这可能是由于低剂量阿司匹林降低了先兆子痫和其他胎盘疾病发生率,进而降低了有医学指征的早产造成的。低剂量阿司匹林是否也对自发性早产的发病机制造成影响呢?2018年,发表在《Am J Obstet Gynecol》的一项研究对此进行分析。

早产是围产期致死和致残的首要原因之一。临床数据表明,低剂量阿司匹林可降低总体早产率,但是研究者推测,这可能是由于低剂量阿司匹林降低了先兆子痫和其他胎盘疾病发生率,进而降低了有医学指征的早产造成的。低剂量阿司匹林是否也对自发性早产的发病机制造成影响呢?2018年,发表在《Am J Obstet Gynecol》的一项研究对此进行分析。

目的:旨在考察低剂量阿司匹林是否会降低无合并症的未生育女性自发性早产发生率。

研究设计:这是一项低剂量阿司匹林预防健康、低风险、未生育女性先兆子痫的随机、安慰剂对照试验的二次分析。低风险女性的定义为,无高血压、肾病、糖尿病、其他内分泌疾病、癫痫、心脏病或胶原血管疾病。该研究局限于单胎非异常妊娠。如果女性曾终止妊娠但未发生孕<20周自然流产,则符合入组标准。排除了可造成流产或孕<20周终止妊娠或产前死产或随访数据缺失的妊娠。治疗干预为孕13~25周开始60mg阿司匹林或匹配的安慰剂。首要结局指标为孕<34周自发性早产。次要结局指标为孕<37周自发性早产、孕<37周和<34周总早产发生。比较了治疗组间基线人口统计学和首要和次要结局。逻辑回归模型用于调整与自发性早产相关的混杂因素。

结果:纳入的2543名女性中,1262人(49.6%)接受低剂量阿司匹林,1281人(50.4%)接受安慰剂。除了婚姻状况,两组其他基线特征相似。低剂量阿司匹林组和安慰剂组孕<34周自发性早产发生率分别为1.03%(13人)和2.34%(30人)(OR,0.43;95% CI,0.26~0.84)。此外,低剂量阿司匹林组和安慰剂组孕<37周自发性早产发生率分别为6.58%(83人)和7.03%(90人)(OR,0.97;95% CI,0.71~1.33),孕<37周总早产率分别为7.84%(99人)和8.2%(105人)(OR,0.97;95% CI,0.72~1.31)。调整了包括体重指数、民族、吸烟、婚姻状况和教育水平等临床相关或统计学显着的变量后,低剂量阿司匹林组孕<34周自发性早产显着性减少(调整OR,0.46;95% CI,0.23~0.89)。低剂量阿司匹林组和安慰剂组孕<34周和孕<37周总体早产率和孕<37周自发性早产率相似。

结论:低剂量阿司匹林与无合并症的健康未生育女性孕<34周自发性早产事件的下降相关。这些结果表明,早产预防的新治疗选择需要进一步研究。

原始出处:
Andrikopoulou M1, Purisch SE1, Handal-Orefice R1, et al.Low-dose aspirin is associated with reduced spontaneous preterm birth in nulliparous women.Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 ;219(4):399.e1-399.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.06.011. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

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    2019-07-24 yhy100200
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    2018-11-20 flysky120

    阿司匹林与孕妇

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由此可见,LDCT在很大比例的患者中改变了肺炎估计的概率。它主要有助于排除肺炎的诊断,从而减少不必要的AT。

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由此可见,体外血小板对阿司匹林的反应与糖尿病状态没有差异,表明血小板对阿司匹林的反应没有内在差异。相反,应研究外在因素对血小板功能的影响,以进一步深入了解阿司匹林用于糖尿病的一级预防。