清华大学最新Cell论文:蚊子传播病毒为何那么快,源于它们能在人群中“定位”病毒,精准咬人

2022-07-01 常青藤 深究科学 deepscience

蚊子为什么传播疾病的能力那么强?它们又是怎么从人海中定位到病毒携带者的?是什么吸引了蚊子趋之若鹜,难道病毒会散发味道吗?



导读

千万别小看蚊子传播疾病的能力,自然界的蚊媒病毒有数百种之多,可由蚊虫携带并传播给人类及动物宿主,引起病毒性脑炎、脑膜炎及出血热等严重疾病。

近二十年来,以登革病毒、寨卡病毒、基孔肯亚病毒、西尼罗病毒为代表的新发及再发蚊媒病毒正在全世界流行,每年可导致数十亿人感染、数十万人死亡。

蚊子为什么传播疾病的能力那么强?它们又是怎么从人海中定位到病毒携带者的?是什么吸引了蚊子趋之若鹜,难道病毒会散发味道吗?

清华大学程功教授及其团队最近的一篇论文揭示蚊子如何通过气味,精准咬人。

蚊子看起来身躯小小,它们传播疾病的能力非常强,而且通常传播的是能导致严重疾病的烈性病毒。有趣的是,蚊子能辨别出感染疾病患者身上的气味,精准识别以后再叮咬,就造成了此类病毒的传播。

以登革病毒为例,全世界大约有25亿人口生活在登革病毒流行地区,每年约有3.9亿人被登革病毒感染或重复感染,并导致50-100万人入院治疗,全世界范围内已有100多个国家及地区出现登革热的感染流行。据报道,登革热2022年度再次在巴西、新加坡、马来西亚等国家大规模暴发流行,截止2022年5月已导致超65万人感染入院治疗。

由于登革病毒等重要蚊媒病毒的致病机制特殊,感染或免疫后产生的抗体具有增强感染的作用(抗体依赖增强效应,ADE效应),这也使得传统的传染病预防(疫苗)及治疗(药物)策略研发阻碍重重。

遗憾的是到目前为止,多数的烈性蚊媒病毒都没有有效疫苗和针对性治疗的药物,科学界亟需深入研究蚊媒病毒在自然界中流行传播的基本原理,并研发出新型防控策略来阻断病毒在世界范围内形成大流行的可能。

01

识别气味,精准咬人

蚊子和感染者之间的传播循环到底是怎么形成的呢?为了解决这个问题,科学家们开始探索蚊子识别感染者的过程和原理。

清华大学医学院博士后张虹(左)、助理研究员朱毅斌(右)为本论文共同第一作者,通讯作者程功(中)

2022年6月30日,清华大学医学院程功教授团队在国际学术期刊《Cell》(细胞) 在线发表了题为《A volatile from the skin microbiota of flavivirus-infected hosts promotes mosquito attractiveness》(皮肤共生微生物介导的一种气味挥发物促进黄病毒感染宿主吸引蚊虫) 的研究论文。

研究发现,人体气味是调控蚊虫行为的关键因素。蚊虫的嗅觉神经系统能够感知一种来源于感染者的特征性气味分子,从而高效率追踪感染者,随后叮咬并取食带有病毒的血液,导致病毒在“宿主-蚊虫”之间高效传播。

人体的气味主要来源于皮肤微生物,通过调控皮肤微生物,重塑感染者的气味,就可以影响蚊虫的嗅觉感知。据此,研究人员进一步提出了一种通过皮肤微生物来调节宿主气味、阻断蚊媒病毒在自然界中快速传播的方法。

蚊媒病毒能在在宿主与蚊虫之间进行传播循环。在病毒传播循环中,蚊虫需要寻找、定位并叮咬感染的人或动物,取食带有病毒的血液。随后,蚊虫才能具备携带并快速传播病毒的能力。如果蚊虫叮咬非感染者,则不会有效获取病毒感染,病毒的传播循环就此被中断 (下图)。

蚊媒病毒“宿主-蚊”传播循环

研究人员观察发现,在蚊媒病毒暴发流行初期感染者的比例不高 (仅千分之一、甚至更低)。而蚊虫却能选择人群中的感染者进行叮咬,从而加速病毒传播,引起疫情暴发。可见,蚊虫如何有效定位感染宿主并获取病毒是病毒完成“宿主-蚊”传播循环的主要限速步骤。

这就提出一个长期以来有待解决的科学问题:蚊虫如何在茫茫人海中定位感染者?如能弄清这个问题,就能解释蚊媒病毒在自然界快速传播的原因,从而进一步找到简便有效的方法来遏制病毒的快速传播。

02

蚊子到底把“气味GPS”安在了哪里?

为了探秘蚊子到底是怎么定位感染者气味的,科学家们开展了一系列研究,试图找到蚊子精准定位感染人群从而传播病毒的内在机理。

在研究中,研究人员建立了两套经典的行为学装置 (三笼嗅觉测定装置、双臂嗅觉测定装置),发现被登革病毒和寨卡病毒感染的小鼠明显更加吸引埃及伊蚊及白纹伊蚊。随后,研究者对感染病毒小鼠的体温、二氧化碳释放及挥发性气味进行分析,发现宿主气味的改变是导致感染宿主吸引蚊虫的决定性因素。

进一步研究结果显示,小鼠在蚊媒病毒感染后,可大量释放一种挥发性小分子—苯乙酮 (Acetophenone),苯乙酮可以有效地激活蚊虫的嗅觉神经系统,增强蚊虫对感染小鼠的行为趋向性。

随后,研究人员收集了登革热患者及健康志愿者的气味,发现登革热患者的气味对埃及伊蚊表现出更强的吸引力。并且,登革热患者的气味中,苯乙酮含量也显着高于健康志愿者。然后,研究人员将不同浓度的苯乙酮涂抹于人体手臂进行蚊虫行为学验证,发现增加人体气味中的苯乙酮含量可显着吸引蚊虫。以上试验说明,登革热患者由于释放大量苯乙酮改变自身气味,大幅提高了对蚊虫的吸引力,吸引蚊虫叮咬,加快病毒传播 (图2)。

研究人员发现,人体或动物释放的苯乙酮主要来源于体表的皮肤共生微生物,它是一种典型的细菌代谢产物。在去除皮肤共生微生物后,感染小鼠就会失去对蚊虫更强的吸引作用。进一步研究显示,登革病毒及寨卡病毒感染会导致宿主皮肤表面的芽孢杆菌属 (Bacillus spp.) 细菌的丰度明显上升,而皮肤芽孢杆菌具有代谢产生大量苯乙酮的能力。

皮肤共生微生物释放的苯乙酮调控感染宿主对蚊虫的吸引能力,抑制宿主皮肤微生物介导的苯乙酮释放可有效阻断蚊媒病毒传播循环

至此,研究人员成功揭示了蚊媒病毒感染者吸引蚊虫叮咬的原因:病毒感染提高了人体皮肤中特定细菌的比例,显着提高了感染者的苯乙酮释放能力,从而明显提高了蚊虫对感染宿主的行为趋向 (上图)。

03

抑制苯乙酮,可掩盖感染者的气味

找到感染者吸引蚊子的原因后,研究人员进行了进一步的分析,试图找到掩盖感染者气味的办法,来阻止他们遭到蚊子的“青睐”。

研究者对病毒感染小鼠及非感染小鼠的皮肤组织进行了RNA-Seq测序分析。其中Resistin-like molecule-alpha (RELM-alpha) 基因在感染宿主皮肤中显着下调 (20-100倍,RNA-Seq)。

RELM-alpha是一种抗菌肽,在人类 (RETN,RELM-alpha同源蛋白) 及哺乳动物的皮肤角质细胞及皮脂腺细胞中能特异表达,是决定宿主皮肤微生物稳态的主要免疫因子。进一步研究结果显示,RELM-alpha及RETN可高效抑制多种皮肤芽孢杆菌的增殖。

以上研究说明,登革病毒和寨卡病毒感染可通过抑制宿主皮肤中RELM-alpha/RETN的表达,使得原本被抑制的皮肤芽孢杆菌过量增值,导致感染宿主的苯乙酮释放。

已有研究证明,RELM-alpha/RETN的表达受到视黄酸信号通路 (Retinoic Acid Receptor signaling, RAR signaling) (又名:维生素A信号通路) 的调控。

如果给动物饲喂维生素A衍生物,就能够通过激活RAR通路,诱导RELM-alpha/RETN的表达。该研究结果显示,向登革病毒及寨卡病毒感染小鼠体内饲喂一种维生素A衍生物,异维甲酸 (isotretinoin,一种临床广泛使用的皮肤病治疗药物),可有效恢复感染小鼠皮肤中RELM-alpha的表达,通过抑制感染宿主皮肤中芽孢杆菌的增殖,抑制感染宿主释放苯乙酮。因此,在感染宿主口服异维甲酸后,蚊虫无法通过宿主的苯乙酮来定位和发现感染宿主,从而阻断病毒的传播循环 (图2)。

根据以上发现,研究者提出了一种新的蚊媒病毒防治思路:可以通过调控人体气味,阻断蚊媒病毒的快速传播。

由于在蚊媒病毒传染病流行初期,感染者在人群中的比例仅有千分之一、甚至更低,因而研究团队推测在感染者口服维生素A类药物后,蚊虫无法通过苯乙酮的气味来区分感染者与非感染者,这样可以大大降低蚊虫取食感染者血液并感染的几率,使蚊媒病毒在自然界中无法高效建立“宿主-蚊”的传播循环过程。

据此,研究团队提出一种防治蚊媒病毒传染病的新策略:在登革热及寨卡热等蚊媒病毒传染病流行的疫区,可对感染者广泛补充维生素A或相关药物,重塑感染者皮肤微生物挥发的气味,大幅降低蚊媒病毒传播循环效率,有效防止蚊虫携带并传播病毒。基于以上发现,可对特定感染人群补充维生素A或相关药物,避免蚊媒病毒传染病的大规模传播流行。

论文作者信息

清华大学医学院程功教授为本论文通讯作者。清华大学医学院博士后张虹、助理研究员朱毅斌为本论文共同第一作者。美国康涅狄格大学医学院王朋华教授、中国疾控中心传染病所刘起勇研究员、云南省德宏州瑞丽市中医傣医医院彭咏梅副主任医师、云南省畜牧兽医科学院王静林研究员、清华大学生命科学学院2016级本科生刘子文(现就读于加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校)、清华大学医学院2018级临床医学八年制博士研究生彭文余、医学院2016级博士研究生童良琴为本论文合作者。

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    2023-05-26 贵阳
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1872457, encodeId=c70b18e245765, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Mar 18 04:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736479, encodeId=29d71e36479ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a421604e721' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#最新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60477, encryptionId=a421604e721, topicName=最新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bd534165494, createdName=贵阳, createdTime=Fri May 26 18:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962785, encodeId=959d1962e85a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Oct 17 10:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403602, encodeId=cdb01403602c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1500186, encodeId=42c115001868c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e6866216d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#清华#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66216, encryptionId=9e6866216d7, topicName=清华)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=10f29422809, createdName=医生2397, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1229971, encodeId=679212299e1e9, content=哇哦 学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9d88112863, createdName=ms4000001015672708, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 16:11:09 CST 2022, time=2022-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-10-17 维他命
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1872457, encodeId=c70b18e245765, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Mar 18 04:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736479, encodeId=29d71e36479ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a421604e721' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#最新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60477, encryptionId=a421604e721, topicName=最新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bd534165494, createdName=贵阳, createdTime=Fri May 26 18:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962785, encodeId=959d1962e85a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Oct 17 10:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403602, encodeId=cdb01403602c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1500186, encodeId=42c115001868c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e6866216d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#清华#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66216, encryptionId=9e6866216d7, topicName=清华)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=10f29422809, createdName=医生2397, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1229971, encodeId=679212299e1e9, content=哇哦 学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9d88112863, createdName=ms4000001015672708, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 16:11:09 CST 2022, time=2022-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1872457, encodeId=c70b18e245765, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Mar 18 04:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736479, encodeId=29d71e36479ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a421604e721' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#最新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60477, encryptionId=a421604e721, topicName=最新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bd534165494, createdName=贵阳, createdTime=Fri May 26 18:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962785, encodeId=959d1962e85a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Oct 17 10:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403602, encodeId=cdb01403602c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1500186, encodeId=42c115001868c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e6866216d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#清华#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66216, encryptionId=9e6866216d7, topicName=清华)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=10f29422809, createdName=医生2397, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1229971, encodeId=679212299e1e9, content=哇哦 学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9d88112863, createdName=ms4000001015672708, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 16:11:09 CST 2022, time=2022-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-03 医生2397
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1872457, encodeId=c70b18e245765, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Mar 18 04:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736479, encodeId=29d71e36479ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a421604e721' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#最新#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60477, encryptionId=a421604e721, topicName=最新)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bd534165494, createdName=贵阳, createdTime=Fri May 26 18:19:35 CST 2023, time=2023-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1962785, encodeId=959d1962e85a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Oct 17 10:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-10-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403602, encodeId=cdb01403602c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1500186, encodeId=42c115001868c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e6866216d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#清华#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66216, encryptionId=9e6866216d7, topicName=清华)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=10f29422809, createdName=医生2397, createdTime=Sun Jul 03 05:19:35 CST 2022, time=2022-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1229971, encodeId=679212299e1e9, content=哇哦 学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b9d88112863, createdName=ms4000001015672708, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 16:11:09 CST 2022, time=2022-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-01 ms4000001015672708

    哇哦 学习学习

    0