科室宣教:空腹抽血能不能喝水?国家卫健委给出一套标准答案

2021-10-21 “周医呼吸内科”公众号 “周医呼吸内科”公众号

检查之所以要空腹,都是为了得出更加准确的诊断。

检查之所以要空腹,都是为了得出更加准确的诊断。2020年国家卫生健康委员会发布最新《静脉血液标本采集指南》指出,空腹采血宜安排在上午7:00~9:00,要求至少禁食8小时,以12小时~14小时为宜,但不建议超过16小时。

血液检查中需要空腹的包括:空腹血糖、肝功能、肾功能、电解质、血脂、各种感染标志物、肿瘤标志物、激素水平等。

空腹期间能喝水吗?

空腹期间可少量饮水(100毫升以内)。

若实在需要饮水,只能喝白开水,且到达医院后就不能喝水了,更不能喝含糖的饮料、咖啡、茶水、酒等。

糖尿病、高血压、心脏病等慢性病患者,以少量白开水送服药物对检验的影响不大,所以在必须要服药的情况,一定要服药。

这些食物影响验血结果

酒:酒在血液中会促进细胞分泌甘油三酯,所以使得血脂会升高。

高蛋白及高嘌呤食物:尿酸或尿素氮升高,但对肌酐影响不大。油腻的食物:血清或血浆呈现出乳白色样浑浊而干扰血脂检测结果,导致血清甘油三酯浓度太高(建议患者素食3天再复查生化指标)。

高盐的食物:会导致体内钾钠失衡,导致高钠血症,影响生化检测结果。

抽血前一天晚上,维持正常生活习惯,饮食清淡就能获得一个比较准确的空腹检测结果。

其他需要空腹的检查

需要空腹检查的其他项目:腹部的超声、CT、核磁、肾动脉超声、胃镜、肠镜,需要强化的CT、核磁等。

不需要空腹的其他项目:各个部位的X光;无需强化且非腹部的核磁、CT;甲状腺、乳腺的超声、颈部及脑血管超声、上下肢动静脉超声、心脏超声、心电图等都不需要禁食禁水。

腹部的超声、CT、核磁要求空腹,是因为胆囊在充盈的状态下才能清晰显示,进食后胆囊会出现萎缩、胆囊壁增厚,影响检查结果甚至导致误诊;

胃镜、肠镜要求空腹是因为食物残渣会遮挡住溃疡面和黏膜,影响观察,而牛奶、咖啡、果汁等物质会造成黏膜颜色发生改变。

小贴士

假如明天抽血,建议今天晚上的20点以后就不要再进食了,到明天上午的8点正好12小时。抽完血以后就可以饮食,也不建议患者过多空腹,因为空腹16小时以上,首先血糖在体内就降解,会造成晕厥或者其他一些指标不准确的现象。

另外,采血前24小时,不宜剧烈运动,检查当天宜避免情绪激动,采血前静息至少5分钟。若需运动后采血,则遵循医嘱,并告知检验人员。

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    2021-10-22 14757fdfm46暂无昵称

    挺好

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067056, encodeId=16af206e056f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2e9ee5386f8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#空腹抽血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75386, encryptionId=2e9ee5386f8, topicName=空腹抽血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jul 30 15:15:39 CST 2022, time=2022-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1258840, encodeId=c8e0125884058, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0ae365e02f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#卫健委#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36570, encryptionId=b0ae365e02f, topicName=卫健委)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cbf451, createdName=陈吴1234, createdTime=Sat Oct 23 05:15:39 CST 2021, time=2021-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1291356, encodeId=61731291356bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e53140859f6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#国家卫健委#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40859, encryptionId=e53140859f6, topicName=国家卫健委)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sat Oct 23 05:15:39 CST 2021, time=2021-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1062934, encodeId=ada41062934c0, content=挺好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c01c5209406, createdName=14757fdfm46暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Oct 22 14:02:59 CST 2021, time=2021-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1062663, encodeId=5286106266338, content=这个方法挺好,值得借鉴, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d1e05489924, createdName=ms1000002136354097, createdTime=Thu Oct 21 17:52:40 CST 2021, time=2021-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-21 ms1000002136354097

    这个方法挺好,值得借鉴

    0

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