Gastroenterology:一项近3万中国人研究,这些行为导致了一半的胃癌发生!

2021-08-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

胃癌(GC)是世界上第五大最常见的癌症,也是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。

胃癌(GC)是世界上第五大最常见的癌症,也是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。高死亡率主要是由于疾病的晚期表现。超过70%的国家报告说GC的死亡率与发病率之比很高(>0.8)。

据世界卫生组织下属国际癌症研究机构(IARC)发布的数据显示,2020年中国三大消化道癌症——肝癌、食管癌和胃癌的发病总人数为121万例,死亡107万例,占全球新发和死亡人数的46%和50%。同时,中国结直肠癌的发病人数也在增加,2020年新发病例近56万,死亡近29万,占全球新发和死亡人数的28%和31%。

然而,全世界范围内,目前只有日本和韩国有政府赞助的内镜筛查项目。有研究报告指出,内径筛查使得全国GC的死亡率与发病率降低(分别为0.43和0.35)。显而易见,全民内镜筛查对早期发现GC益处很大。

众所周知,消化道癌症的发生和发展,与不健康的饮食和生活方式有很大关联。其是在近几十年来,随着生活方式的改善,中国人的饮食、营养、体力活动和吸烟状况等生活方式发生了很大变化,对消化道癌症的发生和发展也产生极大的影响。

通过研究相关生活方式风险因素的时间趋势,有助于预测这些胃肠道(GI)癌症在中国的发病趋势。为此,来自哈佛大学T.H. Chan公共卫生学院的研究人员,对中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)的数据进行了分析,结果发表在近期《胃肠病学》(Gastroenterology)杂志上。

研究人员根据1991-2011年的中国健康与营养调查,估计了生活方式因素的时间趋势。应用比较风险评估方法来估计归因于每个风险因素的消化道癌症的人口归因部分(PAF)。随后还预测了2011-2031年生活方式因素的流行率和相关的消化道癌症负担。

最终纳入了1991-2011年期间参加中国健康与营养调查的2.7万多名成年人数据,期间共进行了8次随访调查,统计了受试者的性别、年龄、身高、体重、腰围、血压、血脂等基本健康信息。

结果显示,2011年,中国56.5%的结肠癌、59.8%的胃癌、48.5%的食管癌和35.2%的肝癌是由研究中的生活方式危险因素引起的。后者包括吸烟、食用过多红肉、肥胖、饮酒、高钠饮食、食用水果不足、高加工肉类、乳品、腌制蔬菜摄入、身体活动不足、低膳食纤维、蔬菜饮食等。

生活方式与胃癌发生的关系

其中,吸烟、钠摄入量、低蔬菜摄入量、低水果摄入量随着时间的推移有所改善,但仍远未达到最佳状态,预计在2031年将分别导致170、35、22和5万消化道癌症病例。高BMI、红肉和加工肉的消费以及低体力活动预计将导致越来越多的消化道癌症,在2031年分别占142、185、60和53000例。

此外,如果人们能改变不健康的生活方式,避免消化道癌症的风险因素,如保持健康体重,戒烟、戒酒、限钠(盐),增加蔬菜、水果和膳食纤维摄入量等,到2031年,52.1%的消化道癌症将能有效预防

可见在中国,生活方式的风险因素对消化道癌症风险的影响巨大并预计会越演越烈。如果每个人都能坚持最佳的生活方式,到2031年,一半的消化道癌症事件将被预防。

 

参考文献:

Potential impact of time trend of lifestyle risk factors on burden of major gastrointestinal cancers in China. Gastroenterology. 2021 Aug 10:S0016-5085(21)03351-5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.08.006.

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    2022-07-14 许安
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1712902, encodeId=16e81e1290219, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Thu Mar 17 03:25:57 CST 2022, time=2022-03-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065424, encodeId=b02420654249b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 17:25:57 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2073421, encodeId=110d20e3421b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Thu Jul 14 09:25:57 CST 2022, time=2022-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1051307, encodeId=78af105130e21, content=胃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210814/61deb584a399410ca9b720adee4e6850/71825fee35134aee90c3ed9dfe89b69f.jpg, createdBy=3cff5430616, createdName=云舒, createdTime=Tue Sep 14 22:55:49 CST 2021, time=2021-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1015839, encodeId=a1d0101583968, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9e2832202f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃癌#</a>关键在于<a href='/topic/show?id=405269141c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生活方式#</a>改变,保持健康体重,戒烟、戒酒、限钠(盐),增加蔬菜、水果和膳食纤维摄入量等, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83220, encryptionId=f9e2832202f, topicName=胃癌), TopicDto(id=69141, encryptionId=405269141c9, topicName=生活方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Wed Sep 08 22:11:56 CST 2021, time=2021-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1010878, encodeId=5fbe10108e806, content=饮食健康身体才能更健康, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=73685582088, createdName=ms4000001234997900, createdTime=Tue Aug 24 09:12:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505313, encodeId=cd73150531371, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Tue Aug 24 11:25:57 CST 2021, time=2021-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-09-14 云舒

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1712902, encodeId=16e81e1290219, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Thu Mar 17 03:25:57 CST 2022, time=2022-03-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065424, encodeId=b02420654249b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 17:25:57 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2073421, encodeId=110d20e3421b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Thu Jul 14 09:25:57 CST 2022, time=2022-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1051307, encodeId=78af105130e21, content=胃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210814/61deb584a399410ca9b720adee4e6850/71825fee35134aee90c3ed9dfe89b69f.jpg, createdBy=3cff5430616, createdName=云舒, createdTime=Tue Sep 14 22:55:49 CST 2021, time=2021-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1015839, encodeId=a1d0101583968, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9e2832202f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃癌#</a>关键在于<a href='/topic/show?id=405269141c9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生活方式#</a>改变,保持健康体重,戒烟、戒酒、限钠(盐),增加蔬菜、水果和膳食纤维摄入量等, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83220, encryptionId=f9e2832202f, topicName=胃癌), TopicDto(id=69141, encryptionId=405269141c9, topicName=生活方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Wed Sep 08 22:11:56 CST 2021, time=2021-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1010878, encodeId=5fbe10108e806, content=饮食健康身体才能更健康, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=73685582088, createdName=ms4000001234997900, createdTime=Tue Aug 24 09:12:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505313, encodeId=cd73150531371, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Tue Aug 24 11:25:57 CST 2021, time=2021-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-09-08 病毒猎手

    #胃癌#关键在于#生活方式#改变,保持健康体重,戒烟、戒酒、限钠(盐),增加蔬菜、水果和膳食纤维摄入量等

    0

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    2021-08-24 ms4000001234997900

    饮食健康身体才能更健康

    0

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Gut:胃部微生物群诱导恶性肿瘤前期病变

该研究表明,恶性肿瘤前期的主要组织病理学特征在移植了来自肠化生或GC患者的胃微生物群的GF小鼠中是可重复的。

The Oncologist:中国胃癌患者不同HER2状态的治疗模式和预后:一项非干预注册研究(EVIDENCE)

安全性上与曲妥珠单抗和化疗已知的安全性一致; 曲妥珠单抗治疗改善了患者预后。该研究提供了一线曲妥珠单抗联合化疗治疗中国HER2阳性mGC患者的真实世界数据。

导致女性胃癌的6大因素

胃癌,并非单一因素造成的。

Clinical &Translational Gastroenterology: PFKFB3 过表达在胃癌进展中具有强烈的负面影响

胃癌(GC)的发病率和死亡率在我国恶性肿瘤中位列第三、第二位,严重威胁着居民的身体健康,胃癌细胞的高侵袭性和转移性是胃癌预后不良的主要原因。

Gastric Cancer:甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数可以预测胃癌的发生

胃癌是一种多因素、多步骤的疾病,其中环境、宿主和基因是胃癌发生的主要原因。虽然全球的胃癌的发病率有所下降,但目前仍然是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。

拓展阅读

论文解读|Hongjuan Cui/Xiaoxue Ke/MuHan Lü教授团队揭示PRMT1促进胃癌增殖和转移的新机制

该研究揭示了PRMT1通过与MLXIP和KTN1的相互作用促进胃癌细胞的增殖和转移,为胃癌治疗提供了新的靶点。

【论著】| 曲妥珠单抗辅助改良DOF双周方案对顺铂耐药的胃癌患者血清肿瘤标志物及生存率的影响分析

本研究旨在探讨联合治疗方案对肿瘤标志物和生存率的影响,以期为顺铂耐药的胃癌患者的临床治疗方案选择提供参考。

【专题论著】| 以大型单中心医院登记为基础的6 737例接受手术切除的胃癌患者的生存报告

本研究为了解中国胃癌患者的生存情况提供来自真实世界的数据,反映中国经济发达地区的胃癌诊治水平,为中国的胃癌防控和政策制定提供科学依据。

AACR 2024:季加孚团队发现卡度尼利单抗能让胃癌总生存率高达57.3%

无论PD-L1状态如何,卡度尼利联合化疗均能显著改善OS和PFS,且安全性可控,这可能成为晚期G/GEJ腺癌的新一线标准治疗选择。

邓婷教授:胃癌从预防到治疗的核心要点

综合考虑患者的病情和个体差异,针对不同的症状采取综合的治疗措施,可以帮助晚期胃癌患者获得更好的生活质量。

【专家述评】| 胃癌外科治疗的新进展及发展趋势

为帮助年轻医师更好的成长,本文总结胃癌诊疗的最新进展,并对未来的发展趋势进行展望。