Nat Med:科学家通过模型估算新冠病毒传播时间点

2020-04-20 冯丽妃 中国科学报

中国香港大学世卫传染病流行病学及控制合作中心刘浩然及同事对广州市第八人民医院94名新冠肺炎患者的病毒排出时间模式进行了调查,研究表明新冠肺炎患者可能在出现初始症状的两三天前便开始排出或分泌新冠病毒。

中国香港大学世卫传染病流行病学及控制合作中心刘浩然及同事对广州市第八人民医院94名新冠肺炎患者的病毒排出时间模式进行了调查,研究表明新冠肺炎患者可能在出现初始症状的两三天前便开始排出或分泌新冠病毒。相关论文4月15日发表于《自然—医学》。

影响SARS-CoV-2防控措施有效性的因素有多种,包括传播链中连续病例之间的间隔时间,以及从感染暴露到出现症状的时间(潜伏期)。如果连续间隔时间比潜伏期短,则意味着可能在出现显性症状之前就已发生了病毒传播。因此,以出现症状为时间点而采取的防控措施,其控制感染传播的效果可能要打折扣。

刘浩然及同事采集了94名新冠肺炎这些患者的咽拭子——从最开始出现症状到之后的32天内;总计分析了414份咽拭子,发现患者的病毒载量在其症状初发时最高。

此外,他们利用来自公开数据的另外77个“传播对”信息,对新冠肺炎的传染力特征进行建模。每个传播对包含两名具有清晰的流行病学关联的新冠肺炎患者,很有可能是其中一名把另外一名感染了。作者据此推断在症状出现前的2.3天,感染就已开始了,在症状出现前的0.7天达到峰值。他们估计44%的继发病例是在症状出现前的阶段被感染的,并且预计病毒传染力在7天内快速下降。

作者指出这项研究的局限性包括依赖患者回忆症状的初发情况,这可能在研究中引入偏差,因为有可能存在初发症状认知滞后。

原始出处:

He, X., Lau, E.H.Y., Wu, P. et al. Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19. Nat Med (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0869-5.

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    2021-01-20 liye789132251
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    2020-04-22 智慧医人
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    2020-04-20 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-04-20 CHANGE

    梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!

    0

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