Radiology:从经济学的角度看CT血管造影对急性脑卒中患者的成本价值

2021-05-05 shaosai MedSci原创

卒中是全球第二大最常见的死亡原因,也是长期神经功能障碍的主要原因。血管内血栓切除术的广泛应用已彻底改变了大血管闭塞(LVO)卒中患者的急性处理和治疗。

卒中是全球第二大最常见的死亡原因,也是长期神经功能障碍的主要原因。血管血栓切除术的广泛应用已彻底改变了大血管闭塞(LVO)卒中患者的急性处理和治疗。虽然LVO占了缺血性卒中的三分之一,但它在卒中人群中造成了不成比例的发病率和死亡率。目前的指南支持血管内血栓切除术作为美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分大于等于6分的前循环LVO患者的标准护理治疗手段,血管成像(CT血管造影)作为机械取栓(IIa级推荐)的首选检查手段。然而随着时间的推移,对LVO进行评估以确定是否适合血管内取栓导致了CT血管造影的使用越来越多。

最近有几项研究提倡对患有LVO的急性轻度卒中患者进行血管内血栓切除术,其患者预后优于静脉溶栓治疗。在近期的多中心德国卒中登记血管内治疗前瞻性研究中,大约12%的患者NIHSS评分为0-6。然而,CT血管造影在轻度卒中(NIHSS评分≤6)患者中的成本-效果尚未得到很好的确定。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了CT血管造影检测急性轻度卒中患者大血管闭塞(LVO)的成本-效果(NIHSS评分≤6分),为进一步优化卒中患者治疗流程并提高预后提供了参考依据。

本研究建立了一个具有社会视角的Markov决策分析模型。评估了三种不同的治疗策略:(a)无血管成像和最佳医疗管理,(b)所有患者均行CT血管造影和LVO静脉溶栓后立即取栓,(c)所有患者均行CT血管造影和最佳医疗管理(包括静脉溶栓,对LVO和神经系统恶化的患者进行抢救性血栓切除)。进行了单向、双向和概率敏感性分析。

根据基础病例计算显示,CT血管造影后立即取栓的成本最低(346007美元),健康效益最高(9.26质量调整生命年[QALYs])。对于LVO患者,CT血管造影、最佳医疗管理和可能的抢救性血栓切除术的成本稍高(346 500美元),健康效益较低(9.09 QALYs)。无血管成像的成本最高,健康效益最低。与CT血管造影和立即取栓策略相比,健康益处的差异为0.39 QALY,相当于每个患者处于完全健康状态的142天。该结论在概率敏感性分析中是稳健的。当急性轻度脑卒中患者发生LVO的概率大于0.16%时,CT血管造影具有成本效益在年轻患者中进行CT血管造影的净经济效益更高(55岁患者CT血管造影后立即切除血栓和无血管成像的差异为68950美元,而85岁患者为20931美元)。

 

图1 CT血管造影(CTA)成本为(A)基础病例和(B)5000美元的轻微卒中患者中大血管闭塞(LVO)的不同比例的单向敏感性分析。净经济效益越高越好。BMM =最佳医疗管理,IVT =静脉注射组织型纤溶酶原激活剂。

 

图2 根据患者年龄进行单向敏感性分析。净经济效益越高越好。BMM =最佳医疗管理,CTA = CT血管造影,IVT =注射组织型纤溶酶原激活剂,LVO =大血管闭塞。

本研究表明,应用CT血管造影筛查急性轻度卒中患者大血管闭塞的存在与否是经济有效的,并与进一步的改善患者的健康预后相关。在无血管成像的情况下,未被发现的大血管闭塞会导致更糟糕的预后和更高的成本,为临床进一步优化卒中患者的管理及治疗流程提供了数据支持。

原文出处:

Xiao Wu,Danny R Hughes,Dheeraj Gandhi,et al.CT Angiography for Triage of Patients with Acute Minor Stroke: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2019191238

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    2021-05-06 sodoo
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1720383, encodeId=94521e20383ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=915c3604e6b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#卒中患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36047, encryptionId=915c3604e6b, topicName=卒中患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=940232842333, createdName=wangyang7969, createdTime=Fri May 07 17:04:54 CST 2021, time=2021-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058859, encodeId=824a20588594c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3481e83445e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经济学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78344, encryptionId=3481e83445e, topicName=经济学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=362b271, createdName=zexyw01, createdTime=Thu Aug 05 05:04:54 CST 2021, time=2021-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1679164, encodeId=d12c16e9164b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a2684e600b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑卒中患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84760, encryptionId=7a2684e600b, topicName=脑卒中患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=091e27733095, createdName=weihongyv, createdTime=Fri Jan 14 08:04:54 CST 2022, time=2022-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1366970, encodeId=c88713669e0c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0e0524218b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#急性脑卒中#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52421, encryptionId=d0e0524218b, topicName=急性脑卒中)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=856b247, createdName=songbq, createdTime=Thu May 06 15:04:54 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1494170, encodeId=06fb14941e0aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e34949e333' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#造影#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94973, encryptionId=3e34949e333, topicName=造影)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=908d9134595, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Thu May 06 15:04:54 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026840, encodeId=aa221026840cd, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Wed May 05 03:04:54 CST 2021, time=2021-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-05 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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