晚期肺结节病患者进行性纤维化间质性肺病表型的特征

2022-06-26 刘少飞 MedSci原创

严重受限的 DLCO 定义的晚期肺结节病患者队列的功能和放射学特征及预后。我们调查了有多少晚期肺结节病患者符合 PF-ILD 标准以及该亚组的预后。

晚期肺结节病会导致严重的发病率并可能导致死亡。大型试验证明了抗纤维化药物对进行性纤维化间质性肺病 (PF-ILD) 患者的疗效,包括一些结节病患者。迄今为止,对结节病中这种进行性纤维化表型知之甚少。一氧化碳弥散能力(DLCO)可能是筛查晚期肺结节病的有用功能标志物。在这项研究中,我们描述了一个患有晚期肺结节病的队列,并深入了解了结节病的进行性纤维化表型。

研究方法:

这项回顾性队列研究纳入了结节病和 DLCO < 50% 预测值的患者。DLCO < 50% 预测的第一次测量是基线。收集肺功能数据、HRCT、肺动脉高压(PH)和死亡率。HRCT 上纤维化 > 10% 的患者符合 24 个月内 ILD 进展的标准被标记为 PF-ILD。用 Cox 回归分析建立了死亡率的预测因子。

研究结果:

包括 106 名 DLCO < 50% 预测值的患者。随访 2 年后,患者用力肺活量 (FVC) 的变化幅度很大,从 - 34% 到 + 45%,而 DLCO 的变化在 - 11% 和 + 26% 之间。14 名患者(15%)符合 PF-ILD 标准,其中 6 名(43%)在 10 年内死亡,而非 PF-ILD 组有 10 名(13%)(p = 0.006)。PH 存在 12 (11%)、56 (53%) 在 HRCT 上显示 > 10% 的纤维化。整个队列中死亡率和肺移植的独立预测因子是 PH、PF-ILD 和 UIP 样模式。

Fig. 2

肺功能改善、稳定或恶化的患者与死亡患者的比例。

研究结论:

这项基于弥散能力严重受损的晚期肺结节病患者的研究中,我们证明 15% 的患者符合当前进行性纤维化 ILD (PF-ILD) 的标准。在我们的研究队列中,我们发现 HRCT 上的 PH、PF-ILD 和 UIP 样模式是全因死亡率和肺移植的独立预测因子。在符合 PF-ILD 标准的结节病组中,43% 的患者死亡或接受了双侧肺移植,而非 PF-ILD 的总死亡率为 13%。总之,在这一组中,晚期肺结节病的病程变化很大,从功能显着改善到死亡。PF-ILD 患者的死亡率高于整个肺结节病组的死亡率。未来的研究应集中在这些患者中添加抗纤维化药物。

参考文献:

Schimmelpennink MC, Meek DB, Vorselaars ADM, Langezaal LCM, van Moorsel CHM, van der Vis JJ, Veltkamp M, Grutters JC. Characterization of the PF-ILD phenotype in patients with advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis. Respir Res. 2022 Jun 25;23(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12931-022-02094-7. PMID: 35752806.

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    2023-04-08 amy0559
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    2022-06-28 tastas

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